Assessing the barriers and enablers to the implementation of the diagnostic radiographer musculoskeletal X‑ray reporting service within the NHS in England: a systematic literature review

Journal article

Lockwood, P., Burton, C., Woznitza, N. and Shaw, T. 2023. Assessing the barriers and enablers to the implementation of the diagnostic radiographer musculoskeletal X‑ray reporting service within the NHS in England: a systematic literature review. BMC Health Services Research. 23 (1270), pp. 1-41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10161-y

Publication dates
Authors	Lockwood, P., Burton, C., Woznitza, N. and Shaw, T.
Abstract	Introduction The United Kingdom (UK) government’s healthcare policy in the early 1990s paved the way adoption of the skills mix development and implementation of diagnostic radiographers’ X-ray reporting service. Current clinical practice within the public UK healthcare system reflects the same pressures of increased demand in patient imaging and limited capacity of the reporting workforce (radiographers and radiologists) as in the 1990s. This study aimed to identify, define and assess the longitudinal macro, meso, and micro barriers and enablers to the implementation of the diagnostic radiographer musculoskeletal X-ray reporting service in the National Healthcare System (NHS) in England. Methods Multiple independent databases were searched, including PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE; Embase; CINAHL, and Google Scholar, as well as journal databases (Scopus, Wiley), healthcare databases (NHS Evidence Database; Cochrane Library) and grey literature databases (OpenGrey, GreyNet International, and the British Library EthOS depository) and recorded in a PRISMA flow chart. A combination of keywords, Boolean logic, truncation, parentheses and wildcards with inclusion/exclusion criteria and a time frame of 1995–2022 was applied. The literature was assessed against Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal checklists. With meta-aggregation to synthesize each paper, and coded using NVivo, with context grouped into macro, meso, and micro-level sources and categorised into subgroups of enablers and barriers. Results The wide and diverse range of data (n = 241 papers) identified barriers and enablers of implementation, which were categorised into measures of macro, meso, and micro levels, and thematic categories of context, culture, environment, and leadership. Conclusion The literature since 1995 has reframed the debates on implementation of the radiographer reporting role and has been instrumental in shaping clinical practice. There has been clear influence upon both meso (professional body) and macro-level (governmental/health service) policies and guidance, that have shaped change at micro-level NHS Trust organisations. There is evidence of a shift in culturally intrenched legacy perspectives within and between different meso-level professional bodies around skills mix acceptance and role boundaries. This has helped shape capacity building of the reporting workforce. All of which have contributed to conceptual understandings of the skills mix workforce within modern radiology services.
Keywords	Diagnostic radiographer; Reporting radiographer; X-rays; Musculoskeletal; Implementation; Enabler; Barrier
Year	2023
Journal	BMC Health Services Research
Journal citation	23 (1270), pp. 1-41
Publisher	Springer Nature
ISSN	472-6963
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10161-y
Official URL	https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-023-10161-y
Funder	Health Education England, NHS Employers
Print	16 Nov 2023
Publication process dates
Accepted	16 Oct 2023
Deposited	20 Nov 2023
Publisher's version	s12913-023-10161-y.pdf License CC BY 4.0 File Access Level Open
Output status	Published
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Williams, S., Aksoy, U., Reed, W., Cielecki, L. and Woznitza, N. 2021. Digital mammographic interpretation by UK radiographer mammographers: A JAFROC analysis of observer performance. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2021.02.015

Theory and practical guidance for effective de-implementation of practices across health and care services: a realist synthesis

Christopher R. Burton, Lynne Williams, Tracey Bucknall, Denise Fisher, Beth Hall, Gill Harris, Peter Jones, Matthew Makin, Anne Mcbride, Rachel Meacock, John Parkinson, Jo Rycroft-Malone and Justin Waring 2021. Theory and practical guidance for effective de-implementation of practices across health and care services: a realist synthesis. Health Services and Delivery Research. 9 (2), pp. 1-102. https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr09020

Dental therapists compared with general dental practitioners for undertaking check-ups in low-risk patients: pilot RCT with realist evaluation

Brocklehurst, P., Hoare, Z., Woods, C., Williams, L., Brand, A., Shen, J., Breckons, M., Ashley, J., Jenkins, A, Gough, Lesley, Preshaw, P., Burton, C., Shepherd, Karen and Bhattarai, N. 2021. Dental therapists compared with general dental practitioners for undertaking check-ups in low-risk patients: pilot RCT with realist evaluation. Health Services and Delivery Research. 9 (3), pp. 1-118. https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr09030

Concordance between a neuroradiologist, a consultant radiologist and trained reporting radiographers interpreting MRI head examinations: An empirical study

Piper, K., Mitchell, M., Griffin, K., Morgan,T., Roy, A., Thomas, A., Pittock, L., Woznitza, N., Faruqui, R. and Sakel, M. 2020. Concordance between a neuroradiologist, a consultant radiologist and trained reporting radiographers interpreting MRI head examinations: An empirical study. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.10.016

An analysis of advanced and specialist posts in diagnostic radiography: Do job descriptions describe advanced practice?

Harris, M. A., Snaith, B., Adamson, H. K., Foster, B. and Woznitza, N. 2020. An analysis of advanced and specialist posts in diagnostic radiography: Do job descriptions describe advanced practice? Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.10.008

COVID-19 and pneumothorax: a multicentre retrospective case series

Martinelli, A. W., Ingle, T, Newman, J., Nadeem, I., Jackson, K., Lane, N. D., Melhorn, J., Davies, H. E., Rostron, A. J., Adeni, A., Conroy, K., Woznitza, N., Matson, M., Brill, S. E., Murray, J., Shah, A., Naran, R., Hare, S. S., Collas, O., Bigham, S., Spiro, M., Huang, M. M., Iqbal, B., Trenfield, S., Ledot, S., Desai, S., Standing, L., Babar, J., Mahroof, R., Smith, I., Lee, K., Tchrakian, N., Uys, S., Ricketts, W., Patel, A. R. C., Aujayeb, A., Kokosi, M., Wilkinson, A. J. K. and Marciniak, S. J. 2020. COVID-19 and pneumothorax: a multicentre retrospective case series. European Respiratory Journal. 56 (3). https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02697-2020

Clinical reporting of radiographs by radiographers: Policy and practice guidance for regional imaging networks

Woznitza, N., Steele, R., Groombridge, H., Compton, E., Gower, S., Hussain, A., Norman, H., O'Brien, A. and Robertson, K. 2020. Clinical reporting of radiographs by radiographers: Policy and practice guidance for regional imaging networks. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.08.004

Reporting radiographer peer review systems: a cross-sectional survey of London NHS Trusts

Woznitza, N., Steele, R, Hussain, A., Gower, S., Groombridge, H., Lofton, L., Lainchbury, J., Compton, E., Rowe, S. and Robertson, K. 2020. Reporting radiographer peer review systems: a cross-sectional survey of London NHS Trusts. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.07.014

Making authentic: exploring boundary objects and bricolage in knowledge mobilisation through National Health Service-university partnerships

Melville-Richards, Lucy, Rycroft-Malone, Joanne, Burton, Christopher and Wilkinson, Joyce 2020. Making authentic: exploring boundary objects and bricolage in knowledge mobilisation through National Health Service-university partnerships. Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice. 16 (4), pp. 517-539. https://doi.org/10.1332/174426419x15623134271106

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the radiology department: what radiographers need to know

Stogiannos, N., Fotopoulos, D., Woznitza, N. and Malamateniou, C. 2020. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the radiology department: what radiographers need to know. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.05.012

A multicentre, randomised controlled trial to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment versus standard NHS Speech and Language Therapy versus control in Parkinson’s disease: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Sackley, C. M., Rick, C., Au, P., Brady, M. C., Beaton, G., Burton, C., Caulfield, M., Dickson, S., Dowling, F., Hughes, M., Ives, N., Jowett, S., Masterton-Algar, P., Nicoll, A., Patel, S., Smith, C. H., Woolley, R. and Clarke, C. E. 2020. A multicentre, randomised controlled trial to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment versus standard NHS Speech and Language Therapy versus control in Parkinson’s disease: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 21 (436). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04354-7

'Function first—be active, stay independent’—Promoting physical activity and physical function in people with long-term conditions by primary care: a protocol for a realist synthesis with embedded co-production and co-design

Law, R-J, Williams, L., Langley, J., Burton, C., Hall, B., Hiscock, J., Morrison, V., Lemmey, A., Partridge, R., Lovell-Smith, C., Gallanders, J. and Williams, N. 2020. 'Function first—be active, stay independent’—Promoting physical activity and physical function in people with long-term conditions by primary care: a protocol for a realist synthesis with embedded co-production and co-design. BMJ Open. 10 (2). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035686

COVID-19: A case series to support radiographer preliminary clinical evaluation

Woznitza, N., Nair, A. and Hare, S. S. 2020. COVID-19: A case series to support radiographer preliminary clinical evaluation. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2020.04.002

Delivery of a preliminary clinical evaluation web based short course in Finland

Pittock, L. and Woznitza, N. 2019. Delivery of a preliminary clinical evaluation web based short course in Finland.

Multi-professional image interpretation: performance in preliminary clinical evaluation of appendicular radiographs

Lockwood, P. and Pittock, L. 2019. Multi-professional image interpretation: performance in preliminary clinical evaluation of appendicular radiographs. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2019.04.013

Impact of radiographer immediate reporting of chest x-rays from general practice on the lung cancer pathway (radioX)

Woznitza, N., Devaraj, A., Janes, S., Duffy, S., Rowe, S., Bhowmik, A., Maughn, S., Piper, K. and Baldwin, D. 2019. Impact of radiographer immediate reporting of chest x-rays from general practice on the lung cancer pathway (radioX).

Implementation, impact and costs of policies for safe staffing in acute NHS trusts

Ball, J., Barker, H., Burton, C., Crouch, R., Griffith, P., Jones, J. and Rycroft Malone, J. 2019. Implementation, impact and costs of policies for safe staffing in acute NHS trusts. University of Southampton. https://doi.org/10.5258/SOTON/P0012

Greater than the sum of the parts: Impact of radiographer clinical image interpretation

Rowe, Susan, O'Riordan, Paul and Woznitza, Nick 2019. Greater than the sum of the parts: Impact of radiographer clinical image interpretation. Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences. 66 (3), pp. 149-151. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.342

Sleep hygiene education and children with developmental disabilities: Findings from a co-design study

Sutton, J.E., Huws, J.C. and Burton, C. 2019. Sleep hygiene education and children with developmental disabilities: Findings from a co-design study. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744629518818950

Towards safe nurse staffing in England’s National Health Service: progress and pitfalls of policy evolution

Lawless, J., Couch, R., Griffiths, P., Burton, C. and Ball, J. 2019. Towards safe nurse staffing in England’s National Health Service: progress and pitfalls of policy evolution. Health Policy. 123 (6), pp. 590-594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2019.03.011

Brief smoking cessation in acute Welsh hospitals: A realist approach

Davies, S., Burton, C., Williams, L. and Tinkler, A. 2019. Brief smoking cessation in acute Welsh hospitals: A realist approach. Health Promotion International. 35 (2), pp. 244-254. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz020

Understanding how and why de-implementation works in health and care: research protocol for a realist synthesis of evidence

Burton, C., Williams, L., Bucknall, T., Edwards, S., Fisher, D., Hall, B., Harris, G., Jones, P., Makin, M., McBride, A., Meacock, R., Parkinson, J., Rycroft-Malone, J. and Waring, J. 2019. Understanding how and why de-implementation works in health and care: research protocol for a realist synthesis of evidence. Systematic Reviews. 8 (194). https://doi.org/doi.org10.1186/s13643-019-1111-8

Computed tomography head and facial bones review of a 2,700 year old Egyptian mummy

Lockwood, P., Elliott, J., Nelson, A. and Harris, S. 2019. Computed tomography head and facial bones review of a 2,700 year old Egyptian mummy . BJR Case Reports. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjrcr.20190076

Visual function assessment of diagnostic radiography students

Lockwood, P. and Blackman, A. 2019. Visual function assessment of diagnostic radiography students. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2019.10.012

Targeted active screening for tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: are field digital chest X-ray ratings reliable?

Timire, C, Sandy, C., Ngwenya, M., Woznitza, N., Kumar, A. M. V., Takarinda, K. C., Sengai, T. and Harries, A. D. 2019. Targeted active screening for tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: are field digital chest X-ray ratings reliable? Public Health Action. 9 (3), pp. 96-101. https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.19.0003

An evaluation of CT head reporting radiographers' scope of practice within the United Kingdom

Lockwood, P. 2019. An evaluation of CT head reporting radiographers' scope of practice within the United Kingdom. Radiography. 26 (2), pp. 102-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2019.09.001

Radiographer reporting of neurological magnetic resonance imaging examinations of the head and cervical spine: findings of an accredited postgraduate programme

Piper, K., Pittock, L. and Woznitza, N. 2018. Radiographer reporting of neurological magnetic resonance imaging examinations of the head and cervical spine: findings of an accredited postgraduate programme. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.05.006

Image Interpretation by radiographers in brain, spine and knee MRI examinations: Findings from an accredited postgraduate module

Lockwood, P. and Dolbear, G. 2018. Image Interpretation by radiographers in brain, spine and knee MRI examinations: Findings from an accredited postgraduate module. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.05.009

Evaluation of an equilibrium phase free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI prototype sequence compared to traditional breath-held MRI acquisition in liver oncology patients

Hopkinson, G., Lockwood, P. and Dolbear, G. 2018. Evaluation of an equilibrium phase free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI prototype sequence compared to traditional breath-held MRI acquisition in liver oncology patients. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.01.001

NHS managers’ use of nursing workforce planning and deployment technologies: a realist synthesis

Burton, C., Rycroft-Malone, J., Williams, L., Davies, S., McBride, A., Hall, B., Rowlands, A., Jones, A., Fisher, D., Jones, M. and Caulfield, M. 2018. NHS managers’ use of nursing workforce planning and deployment technologies: a realist synthesis. Health Services and Delivery Research. 6 (36). https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr06360

The generation of consensus guidelines for carrying out process evaluations in rehabilitation research

Masterson-Algar, P., Burton, C. and Rycroft-Malone, J. 2018. The generation of consensus guidelines for carrying out process evaluations in rehabilitation research. BMC Medical Research Methodology. 18 (1), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-018-0647-y

Getting back to life after stroke: co-designing a peer-led coaching intervention to enable stroke survivors to rebuild a meaningful life after stroke

Masterson-Algar, P., Williams, S., Burton, C., Arthur, C., Hoare, Z., Morrison, V., Radford, K., Seddon, D. and Elghenzai, S. 2018. Getting back to life after stroke: co-designing a peer-led coaching intervention to enable stroke survivors to rebuild a meaningful life after stroke. Disability and Rehabilitation. 42 (10), pp. 1359-1372.

Arts-based palliative care training, education and staff development: A scoping review

Turton, B.M., Williams, S., Burton, C.R. and Williams, L. 2018. Arts-based palliative care training, education and staff development: A scoping review. Palliative Medicine. 32 (2). https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216317712189

Increasing radiology capacity within the lung cancer pathway: centralised work‐based support for trainee chest X‐ray reporting radiographers

Woznitza, N., Steele, R., Piper, K., Burke, S., Rowe, S., Bhowmik, A., Maughn, S. and Springett, K. 2018. Increasing radiology capacity within the lung cancer pathway: centralised work‐based support for trainee chest X‐ray reporting radiographers. Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences. 65 (3), pp. 200-208. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.285

Nuclear medicine image interpretation by radiographers: findings of an accredited postgraduate module

Lockwood, P. and Dolbear, G. 2018. Nuclear medicine image interpretation by radiographers: findings of an accredited postgraduate module. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.11.007

Is a nurse consultant impact toolkit relevant and transferable to the radiography profession? An evaluation project

Snaith, B., Williams, S., Taylor, K., Tsang, Y., Kelly, J. and Woznitza, N. 2018. Is a nurse consultant impact toolkit relevant and transferable to the radiography profession? An evaluation project. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.05.001

Chest X-ray interpretation by Radiographers is not inferior to Radiologists: a multireader, multicase comparison using JAFROC (Jack-knife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristics) analysis

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Burke, S. and Bothamley, G. 2018. Chest X-ray interpretation by Radiographers is not inferior to Radiologists: a multireader, multicase comparison using JAFROC (Jack-knife alternative free-response receiver operating characteristics) analysis. Academic Radiology.

Agreement between expert thoracic radiologists and the chest radiograph reports provided by consultant radiologists and reporting radiographers in clinical practice: review of a single clinical site

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Burke, S., Ellis, S. and Bothamley, G. 2018. Agreement between expert thoracic radiologists and the chest radiograph reports provided by consultant radiologists and reporting radiographers in clinical practice: review of a single clinical site. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.01.009

Digital training platform for interpreting radiographic images of the chest

McLauchlin, L., Woznitza, N., Cairns, A., McFadden, S., Bond, R., Hughes, C., Elsayed, A., Finlay, D. and McConnell, J. 2018. Digital training platform for interpreting radiographic images of the chest. Radiography. 24 (2), pp. 159-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2017.12.010

Immediate reporting of chest X-rays referred from general practice by reporting radiographers: a single centre feasibility study

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Rowe, S. and Bhowmik, A. 2017. Immediate reporting of chest X-rays referred from general practice by reporting radiographers: a single centre feasibility study. Clinical Radiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2017.11.016

Twitter journal clubs and continuing professional development: An analysis of a #MedRadJClub tweet chat

Bolderston, A., Watson, J., Woznitza, N., Westerink, A., Di Prospero, L., Currie, G., Beardmore, C. and Hewis, J. 2017. Twitter journal clubs and continuing professional development: An analysis of a #MedRadJClub tweet chat. Radiography. 24 (1), pp. 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2017.09.005

Becoming a clinical radiographer: role, role development and specialisation

Woznitza, N. 2017. Becoming a clinical radiographer: role, role development and specialisation.

Radiographer reporting of magnetic resonance imaging breast examinations: findings of an accredited postgraduate programme

Pittock, L., Piper, K. and Woznitza, N. 2017. Radiographer reporting of magnetic resonance imaging breast examinations: findings of an accredited postgraduate programme.

The PD COMM trial: a protocol for the process evaluation of a randomised trial assessing the effectiveness of two types of SLT for people with Parkinson's disease.

Masterson-Algar, P, Burton, C., Brady, M.C., Nicoll, A., Clarke, C.E., Rick, C., Hughes, M., Au, P., Smith, C.H. and Sackley, C.M. 2017. The PD COMM trial: a protocol for the process evaluation of a randomised trial assessing the effectiveness of two types of SLT for people with Parkinson's disease. Trials. 18 (397), p. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-2130-1

Managing diabetes in people with dementia: a realist review

Bunn, F., Goodman, C., Jones, P.R., Russell, B., Trivedi, D., Sinclair, A., Bayer, A., Rait, G., Rycroft-Malone, J. and Burton, C. 2017. Managing diabetes in people with dementia: a realist review. Perth, Scotland NIHR Journals Library. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta21750

Implementation and trial evidence: a plea for fore-thought

Brocklehurst, P.R., Williams, L., Burton, C., Goodwin, T. and Rycroft-Malone, J. 2017. Implementation and trial evidence: a plea for fore-thought. British Dental Journal. 222 (5), pp. 331-335. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.213

What works for whom in the management of diabetes in people living with dementia: a realist review

Bunn, F., Goodman, C., Jones, P. R., Russell, B., Trivedi, D., Sinclair, A., Bayer, A., Rait, G., Rycroft-Malone, J. and Burton, C. 2017. What works for whom in the management of diabetes in people living with dementia: a realist review. BMC Medicine. 15 (141). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-017-0909-2

Impact of radiographer immediate reporting of chest X-rays from general practice on the lung cancer pathway (radioX): study protocol for a randomised control trial

Woznitza, N., Devaraj, A., Janes, S., Duffy, S., Bhowmik, A., Rowe, S., Piper, K., Maughn, S. and Baldwin, D. 2017. Impact of radiographer immediate reporting of chest X-rays from general practice on the lung cancer pathway (radioX): study protocol for a randomised control trial. Trials. 18 (521). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-2268-x

Expanding the role of radiographers in reporting suspected lung cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision tree model

Bajre, M., Pennington, M., Woznitza, N., Beardmore, C., Radhakrishnan, M., Harris, R. and Mccrone, P. 2017. Expanding the role of radiographers in reporting suspected lung cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision tree model. Radiography. 23 (4), pp. 273-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2017.07.011

CT Sinus and facial bones reporting by radiographers: findings of an accredited postgraduate programme

Lockwood, P. 2017. CT Sinus and facial bones reporting by radiographers: findings of an accredited postgraduate programme. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology. 46 (4). https://doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20160440

Exploring variation and trends in adherence to national occupational standards for reporting radiographers

Lockwood, P. 2017. Exploring variation and trends in adherence to national occupational standards for reporting radiographers. Journal of Social Science & Allied Health Professions. 1 (1), pp. 20-27.

Twitter journal club in medical radiation science

Currie, G., Woznitza, N., Bolderston, A., Weserink, A., Watson, J., Beardmore, C., Di Prospero, L., McCuig, C. and Nightingale, J. 2017. Twitter journal club in medical radiation science. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences. 48 (1), pp. 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2016.09.001

Observer performance in Computed Tomography head reporting

Lockwood, P. 2017. Observer performance in Computed Tomography head reporting. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences. 48 (1), pp. 22-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2016.08.001

Optimisation de la prise en charge en Rafiologie: Approts des manipulateurs experts interprétant des examens: Cas pratique au Royaume Uni

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., West, C. and Rowe, S. 2014. Optimisation de la prise en charge en Rafiologie: Approts des manipulateurs experts interprétant des examens: Cas pratique au Royaume Uni.

Chest x-ray agreement: comparative analysis between consultant radiologists, reporting radiographers and expert chest radiologists

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Burke, S., Ellis, S. and Bothamley, G. 2015. Chest x-ray agreement: comparative analysis between consultant radiologists, reporting radiographers and expert chest radiologists.

Team working in radiology: optimising care

Woznitza, N. 2016. Team working in radiology: optimising care.

Advanced practice in diagnostic imaging

Woznitza, N. 2016. Advanced practice in diagnostic imaging.

Team working in radiology: what is possible?

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Ratcliff, C., McGuinness, N. and Rowe, S. 2016. Team working in radiology: what is possible?

The Twitter Journal Club for Medical Radiation Professionals (#medradjclub): CPD/CE for the 21st century

Currie, G., Woznitza, N., Bolderston, A., Westerink, A., Waton, J., Beardmore, C., Di Prospero, L., McCuaig, C. and Nightingale, J. 2016. The Twitter Journal Club for Medical Radiation Professionals (#medradjclub): CPD/CE for the 21st century.

Bloom’s taxonomy of Twitter: higher order thinking and the Twitter Journal Club

Currie, G., Woznitza, N., Bolderston, A., Westerink, A., Watson, J., Beardmore, C., Di Prospero, L., McCuaig, C. and Nightingale, J. 2016. Bloom’s taxonomy of Twitter: higher order thinking and the Twitter Journal Club. Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.

Chest x-ray interpretation by radiographers: diagnostic accuracy and influence on diagnostic reasoning

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Burke, S. and Bothamley, G. 2016. Chest x-ray interpretation by radiographers: diagnostic accuracy and influence on diagnostic reasoning.

Diagnostic accuracy of radiographer chest x-ray reporting

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Burke, S. and Bothamley, G. 2016. Diagnostic accuracy of radiographer chest x-ray reporting.

Exploring the benefits of magnetic resonance imaging reporting by radiographers: A UK perspective

Lockwood, P. 2016. Exploring the benefits of magnetic resonance imaging reporting by radiographers: A UK perspective. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences. 47 (2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2015.12.083

Improving skills and care standards in the support workforce for older people: a realist synthesis of workforce development interventions

Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C., Williams, L., Edwards, S., Fisher, D., Hall, B., McCormack, B., Nutley, S., Seddon, D. and Williams, R. 2016. Improving skills and care standards in the support workforce for older people: a realist synthesis of workforce development interventions. National Institute of Health Research. https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr04120

Implementing a Systematic Voiding Program for Patients With Urinary Incontinence After Stroke

French, B., Thomas, L.H., Harrison, J., Burton, C., Forshaw, D., Booth, J., Britt, D., Cheater, F.M., Roe, B. and Watkins, C.L. 2016. Implementing a Systematic Voiding Program for Patients With Urinary Incontinence After Stroke. Qualitative Health Research. 26 (10). https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732316630975

Implementing best practice in infection prevention and control. A realist evaluation of the role of intermediaries

Williams, L., Rycroft-Malone, J. and Burton, C. 2016. Implementing best practice in infection prevention and control. A realist evaluation of the role of intermediaries. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 60, pp. 156-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.04.012

Bringing critical realism to nursing practice: Roy Bhaskar's contribution

Williams, L., Rycroft-Malone, J. and Burton, C. 2016. Bringing critical realism to nursing practice: Roy Bhaskar's contribution. nursing philosophy: an international journal for healthcare professionals. 18 (2). https://doi.org/10.1111/nup.12130

Managers' use of nursing workforce planning and deployment technologies: protocol for a realist synthesis of implementation and impact

Burton, C., Rycroft-Malone, J., Williams, L., Davies, S., McBride, A., Hall, B., Rowlands, A.M. and Jones, A. 2016. Managers' use of nursing workforce planning and deployment technologies: protocol for a realist synthesis of implementation and impact. BMJ Open. 6 (8). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013645

Improving skills and care standards in the support workforce for older people: a realist synthesis of workforce development interventions

Williams, L., Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C., Edwards,S., Fisher, D., Hall, B., McCormack, B., Nutley, S.M., Seddon, D. and Williams, R. 2016. Improving skills and care standards in the support workforce for older people: a realist synthesis of workforce development interventions. BMJ Open. 6 (8). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011964

Strategies to prevent oral disease in dependent older people

Brocklehurst, P., Williams, L., Hoare, Z., Goodwin, T., McKenna, G., Tsakos, G., Chestnutt, I.G., Pretty, I., Wassall, R., Jerkovic-Cosic, K., Hayes, M., Watt, R.G. and Burton, C. 2016. Strategies to prevent oral disease in dependent older people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012402

Process evaluations in neurological rehabilitation: a mixed-evidence systematic review and recommendations for future research

Masterson-Algar, P., Burton, C. and Rycroft-Malone, J. 2016. Process evaluations in neurological rehabilitation: a mixed-evidence systematic review and recommendations for future research. BMJ Open. 6 (11). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013002

Managing diabetes in people with dementia: protocol for a realist review

Bunn, F., Goodman, C., Rycroft Malone, J., Reece Jones, P., Burton, C., Rait, G., Trivedi, D., Bayer, A. and Sinclair, A. 2016. Managing diabetes in people with dementia: protocol for a realist review. Systematic Reviews. 5 (5). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-015-0182-4

Collaboration and co-production knowledge in healthcare: opportunities and challenges

Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C.R., Bucknall , T., Graham, I.D., Hutchinson, A. and Stacey, D. 2016. Collaboration and co-production knowledge in healthcare: opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 5 (4), pp. 221-223. https://doi.org/10.15171/IJHPM.2016.08

Collective action for implementation: a realist evaluation of organisational collaboration in healthcare

Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C.R., Wilkinson, J., Harvey, G., McCormack, B., Baker, R., Dopson, S., Graham, I.D., Staniszewska, S., Thompson, C., Ariss, S., Melville-Richards, L. and Williams , L. 2016. Collective action for implementation: a realist evaluation of organisational collaboration in healthcare. Implementation Science : IS. 11 (17). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-016-0380-z

An occupational therapy intervention for residents with stroke-related disabilities in UK care homes (OTCH): cluster randomised controlled trial with economic evaluation

Sackley, C.M., Walker, M.F., Burton, C.R., Watkins,C.L, Mant, J., Roalfe, A.K., Wheatley, K., Sheehan, B., Sharp, L., Stant, K.E., Fletcher-Smith, J., Steel, K., Barton, G.R., Irvine, L. and Peryer, G. 2016. An occupational therapy intervention for residents with stroke-related disabilities in UK care homes (OTCH): cluster randomised controlled trial with economic evaluation. Health Technology Assessment. 20 (15). https://doi.org/10.3310/hta20150

The diagnostic accuracy of reporting radiographer chest x-ray interpretations and their influence on clinicians’ diagnostic decision-making: a comparison with consultant radiologists

Woznitza, N. 2016. The diagnostic accuracy of reporting radiographer chest x-ray interpretations and their influence on clinicians’ diagnostic decision-making: a comparison with consultant radiologists. PhD Thesis Canterbury Christ Church University School of Allied Health Professions

The radiography workforce: current challenges and changing needs

Beardmore, C., Woznitza, N., Goodman, S. and Society & College of Radiographers 2016. The radiography workforce: current challenges and changing needs. College of Radiographers.

An economic evaluation of introducing a skills mix approach to CT head reporting in clinical practice.

Lockwood, P. 2016. An economic evaluation of introducing a skills mix approach to CT head reporting in clinical practice. Radiography. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2015.09.004

Intraorbital foreign body detection and localisation by radiographers: a preliminary JAFROC observer performance study

Lockwood, P., Pittock, L., Lockwood, C., Jeffery, C. and Piper, K. 2015. Intraorbital foreign body detection and localisation by radiographers: a preliminary JAFROC observer performance study. Radiography. 2015, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2015.06.005

Out of the comfort zone (Part 2)

Lockwood, P. 2013. Out of the comfort zone (Part 2).

AFROC analysis of reporting radiographer’s performance in CT head interpretation

Lockwood, P. and Piper, K. 2015. AFROC analysis of reporting radiographer’s performance in CT head interpretation. Radiography. 21 (3), pp. e90-e95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2015.04.001

Out of the comfort zone (Part 1)

Lockwood, P. 2013. Out of the comfort zone (Part 1).

Origins of the Reporting Radiographer

Lockwood, P. 2013. Origins of the Reporting Radiographer.

Patient safety and quality improvement: Iatrogenic venous air embolism in diagnostic imaging

Lockwood, P. and Breen, W. 2013. Patient safety and quality improvement: Iatrogenic venous air embolism in diagnostic imaging.

CT head reporting by radiographers: Findings of an accredited postgraduate programme

Lockwood, P. and Piper, K. 2013. CT head reporting by radiographers: Findings of an accredited postgraduate programme.

CT skull base & calvarium normal variant pitfalls

Lockwood, P. 2013. CT skull base & calvarium normal variant pitfalls.

Chest reporting by radiographers: Findings of an accredited postgraduate programme.

Piper, K., Cox, S., Paterson, A., Thomas, A., Thomas, N., Jeyagopal, N. and Woznitza, N. 2014. Chest reporting by radiographers: Findings of an accredited postgraduate programme. Radiography. 20 (2), pp. 94-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2014.01.003

Adult chest radiograph reporting by radiographers: Preliminary data from an in-house audit programme

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Burke, S., Patel, K., Amin, S., Grayson, K. and Bothamley, G. 2014. Adult chest radiograph reporting by radiographers: Preliminary data from an in-house audit programme. Radiography. 20 (3), pp. 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2014.03.002

Optimizing patient care in radiology through team-working: A case study

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Rowe, S. and West, C. 2014. Optimizing patient care in radiology through team-working: A case study. Radiography. 20 (3), pp. 258-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2014.02.007

Identifying Continence OptioNs after Stroke (ICONS): an evidence synthesis, case study and exploratory cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care

Thomas, L. H., French, B., Sutton, C. J., Forshaw, D., Leathley, M. J., Burton, C., Roe, B., Cheater, F. M., Booth, J., McColl, E., Carter, B., Walker, A., Brittain, K., Whiteley, G., Rodgers, H., Barrett, J. and Watkins, C. L. 2015. Identifying Continence OptioNs after Stroke (ICONS): an evidence synthesis, case study and exploratory cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care. NIHR Journals Library.

Collective action for knowledge mobilisation: a realist evaluation of the collaborations for leadership in applied health research and care

Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C., Wilkinson, J., Harvey, G., McCormack, B., Baker, R., Dopson, S., Graham, I., Staniszewska, S., Thompson, C., Ariss, S., Melville-Richards, L. and Williams, L. 2015. Collective action for knowledge mobilisation: a realist evaluation of the collaborations for leadership in applied health research and care. UK NIHR Journals Library. https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr03440

An untapped resource: patient and public involvement in implementation comment on "Knowledge mobilization in healthcare organizations": a view from the resource-based view of the firm

Burton, C. and Rycroft-Malone, J. 2015. An untapped resource: patient and public involvement in implementation comment on "Knowledge mobilization in healthcare organizations": a view from the resource-based view of the firm. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 4 (12), pp. 845-847. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2015.150

Conceptualisation of the characteristics of advanced practitioners in the medical radiation profession

Smith, Tony, Harris, J., Woznitza, N., Marese, S. and Sale, C. 2015. Conceptualisation of the characteristics of advanced practitioners in the medical radiation profession. Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences. 62 (3), pp. 204-211. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.115

CT head reporting by radiographers: results of an accredited postgraduate programme

Lockwood, P., Piper, K. and Pittock, L. 2015. CT head reporting by radiographers: results of an accredited postgraduate programme. Radiography. 21 (3), pp. e85-e89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2014.12.001

e-Learning for Healthcare – Image Interpretation Project

Woznitza, N., e-Learning for Healthcare and College of Radiographers 2012. e-Learning for Healthcare – Image Interpretation Project. e-Learning for Healthcare.

An unusual cause of respiratory distress

Woznitza, N., Datsopolous, S., Shukla, R. and Aladangady, N. 2012. An unusual cause of respiratory distress. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 97, pp. A12-A13. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-301885.30

Chest X-Ray interpretation: agreement between consultant radiologists and a reporting radiographer in clinical practice in the United Kingdom

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Burke, S., Patel, K., Amin, S. and Grayson, K. 2013. Chest X-Ray interpretation: agreement between consultant radiologists and a reporting radiographer in clinical practice in the United Kingdom.

Radiographer clinical reporting

Woznitza, N. 2014. Radiographer clinical reporting.

Commentary: radiographer reporting

Woznitza, N. 2014. Commentary: radiographer reporting. Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences. 61 (2), pp. 66-68. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmrs.51

Do you see what I see? Clinical review of discordant chest x-ray consultant radiologist and radiographer interpretations

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Bothamley, G. and Burke, S. 2014. Do you see what I see? Clinical review of discordant chest x-ray consultant radiologist and radiographer interpretations.

Optimizing patient care in radiology through team-working: audit data

Woznitza, N. 2014. Optimizing patient care in radiology through team-working: audit data.

Optimizing neonatal X-ray quality: results of an audit

Woznitza, N., Hayes, N., Malshava, N. and McGuinness, D. 2014. Optimizing neonatal X-ray quality: results of an audit.

Agreement in neonatal x-ray interpretation: a comparison between consultant paediatric radiologists and a reporting radiographer

Woznitza, N., Piper, K., Aladangady, N., Iliadis, K., Prakash, R. and Santos, R. 2014. Agreement in neonatal x-ray interpretation: a comparison between consultant paediatric radiologists and a reporting radiographer.

Advanced radiographic practice in adult chest imaging

Woznitza, N. 2014. Advanced radiographic practice in adult chest imaging.

Investigating preferences for support with life after stroke: a discrete choice experiment

Burton, C., Fargher, E., Plumpton, C., Roberts, G.W, Owen, H. and Roberts, E. 2014. Investigating preferences for support with life after stroke: a discrete choice experiment. BMC Health Services Research. 14 (63). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-14-63

Evaluating a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care using soft systems analysis and Normalisation Process Theory: findings from the ICONS case study phase.International journal of nursing studies

Thomas, L.H, French, B., Burton, C., Sutton, C., Forshaw, D., Dickinson, H., Leathley, M.J., Britt, D., Roe, B., Cheater, F.M, Booth, J., Watkins, C.L, ICONS Project Team, ICONS Patient and Public and Carer Involvement Groups 2014. Evaluating a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care using soft systems analysis and Normalisation Process Theory: findings from the ICONS case study phase.International journal of nursing studies. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 51 (10), pp. 1308-1320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.02.009

Improving skills and care standards in the support workforce for older people: a realist review

Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C., Hall, B., McCormack, B., Nutley, S., Seddon, D. and Williams, L. 2014. Improving skills and care standards in the support workforce for older people: a realist review. BMJ Open. 4 (5). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005356

Does self-efficacy influence recovery and well-being in osteoarthritis patients undergoing joint replacement? A systematic review

Magklara, E., Burton, C. and Morrison, V. 2014. Does self-efficacy influence recovery and well-being in osteoarthritis patients undergoing joint replacement? A systematic review. Clinical Rehabilitation. 28 (9). https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215514527843

Towards a programme theory for fidelity in the evaluation of complex interventions.

Masterson-Algar, P., Burton, C., Rycroft-Malone, J., Sackley, C.M. and Walker, M.F. 2014. Towards a programme theory for fidelity in the evaluation of complex interventions. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice . 20 (4), pp. 445 - 452. https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.12174

Investigating the organisational impacts of quality improvement: a protocol for a realist evaluation of improvement approaches drawing on the Resource Based View of the Firm.

Burton, C., Rycroft Malone, J., Robert, G., Willson, A. and Hopkins, A. 2014. Investigating the organisational impacts of quality improvement: a protocol for a realist evaluation of improvement approaches drawing on the Resource Based View of the Firm. BMJ Open. 4:e005650. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005650

Resource based view of the firm as a theoretical lens on the organisational consequences of quality improvement.

Burton, C. and Rycroft-Malone, J. 2014. Resource based view of the firm as a theoretical lens on the organisational consequences of quality improvement. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 3 (3), pp. 113 - 115. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2014.74

The study protocol of: 'Initiating end of life care in stroke: clinical decision-making around prognosis'.

Burton, C., Payne, S., Turner, M., Bucknall, T., Rycroft-Malone, J., Tyrell, P., Horne, M., Ntambwe, L.I., Tyson, S., Mitchell, H., Williams, S. and Elghenzai, S. 2014. The study protocol of: 'Initiating end of life care in stroke: clinical decision-making around prognosis'. BMC Palliative Care. 13 (55). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-684X-13-55

Identifying continence options after stroke (ICONS): a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Thomas, L.H., Watkins, C.L., Sutton, C.J., Forshaw, D., Leathley, M.J., French, B., Burton, C., Cheater, F., Roe, B., Britt, D., Booth, J., McColl, E., The ICONS Project Team and The ICONS Patient, Public and Carer Involvement Groups 2014. Identifying continence options after stroke (ICONS): a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial. Trials. 15 (509). https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-15-509

What is rehabilitation potential? Development of a theoretical model through the accounts of healthcare professionals working in stroke rehabilitation services

Burton, C.R., Horne, M., Woodward-Nutt, K., Bowen, A. and Tyrrell, P. 2014. What is rehabilitation potential? Development of a theoretical model through the accounts of healthcare professionals working in stroke rehabilitation services. Disability and Rehabilitation. 37 (21), pp. 1955-1960. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2014.991454

Can reporting radiographers produce clinically relevant reports?

Woznitza, N. and Piper, K. 2011. Can reporting radiographers produce clinically relevant reports?

Assessing the barriers and enablers to the implementation of the diagnostic radiographer musculoskeletal X‑ray reporting service within the NHS in England: a systematic literature review

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