Computed tomography head and facial bones review of a 2,700 year old Egyptian mummy

Journal article

Lockwood, P., Elliott, J., Nelson, A. and Harris, S. 2019. Computed tomography head and facial bones review of a 2,700 year old Egyptian mummy . BJR Case Reports. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjrcr.20190076

Publication dates
Authors	Lockwood, P., Elliott, J., Nelson, A. and Harris, S.
Abstract	Computed tomography (CT) scanning techniques used in head and facial bones examination in the clinical environment can also be transferable to the imaging of post-mortem cases as a novel non-destructive and non-invasive investigation in forensic cases. We describe a study of the head and facial bones of a 2,700 year old Egyptian mummy. Cross-sectional investigation can lead to discovering unknown information of skeletal and soft tissue structures and anatomy to contribute to the knowledge of preserved mummified remains and the practice of palaeoradiology.
Keywords	Egyptian mummy; CT scanning; Computed tomography; Head CT; Post-mortem CT scanning
Year	2019
Journal	BJR Case Reports
Publisher	British Institute of Radiology
ISSN	2055-7159
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1259/bjrcr.20190076
Official URL	https://doi.org/10.1259/bjrcr.20190076
Online	20 Dec 2019
Publication process dates
Accepted	09 Dec 2019
Deposited	03 Jan 2020
Accepted author manuscript	8q1zy_Manuscript CREATE version.pdf License CC BY 4.0 File Access Level Open
Output status	Published
References	1. Diamond HW. Description of an Egyptian Mummy, and the hieroglyphs upon its case, supposed to be of the period of the Psammetici, opened in 1843. Archaeologia 1846; 31(2): 408-411. 2. American Association of Physicists in Medicine. The Alliance for Quality Computed Tomography; Routine Adult Head CT. American Association of Physicists in Medicine. 2016. Alexandria. USA. 3. Panzer S, Ketterl S, Bicker R, Schoske S, Nerlich AG. How to CT scan human mummies: Theoretical considerations and examples of use. International journal of paleopathology. 2019; 26:122-34. 4. McGuckin JF, Akhtar N, Ho VT, Smergel EM, Kubacki EJ, Villafana T. CT and MR evaluation of a wooden foreign body in an in vitro model of the orbit. American journal of neuroradiology. 1996;17(1):129-33. 5. Karlik SJ, Bartha R, Kennedy K, Chhem R. MRI and multinuclear MR spectroscopy of 3,200-year-old Egyptian mummy brain. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2007;189(2):W105-10. 6. Elias J. General Analysis of the Mummy of Padihershef at Massachusetts General Hospital. Akhmim Mummy Studies Consortium. Research Paper 2013; 14-1AMSC Research, LLC, Carlisle, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 7. Wade AD, Garvin GJ, Hurnanen JH, Williams LL, Lawson B, Nelson AJ, et al. Scenes from the past: multidetector CT of Egyptian mummies of the Redpath Museum. Radiographics 2012; 32(4): 1235-50. 8. Wade AD, Beckett R, Conlogue G, Garvin G, Saleem S, Natale G, et al. Diagnosis by consensus: A case study in the importance of interdisciplinary interpretation of mummified remains. Int J Paleopathol 2019; 24: 144-53. 9. Gostner P, Bonelli M, Pernter P, Graefen A, Zink A. New radiological approach for analysis and identification of foreign objects in ancient and historic mummies. J Archaeol Sci 2012; 40: 1003-1011. 10. Gray PHK. Artificial eyes in mummies. The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 1971; 57: 125-126. 11. Raven MJ, Taconis WK. (2003). Egyptian Mummies. Radiological Atlas of the Collections in the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden. Brepols: Turnhout, Belgium. 12. Loynes R. Prepared for Eternity. A Study of Human Embalming Techniques in Ancient Egypt Using Computerised Tomography Scans of Mummies. Archaeopress Egyptology 2015; 9: Oxford. 13. Phillips SR. Cranial Anomaly, Pathology or Normal Variant? Thin Parietal Bones in Ancient Egyptian Human Remains. 2007 Doctoral Dissertation: Department of Anthropology, The University of Pennsylvania. 14. Mann RW, Kobayashi M, Schiller AL. Biparietal thinning: Accidental death by a fall from standing height. Journal of Forensic Science 2017; 62: 1406-1409.

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Computed tomography head and facial bones review of a 2,700 year old Egyptian mummy

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