Effects of length of mindfulness practice on mindfulness, depression, anxiety and stress: a randomized controlled experiment

Journal article

Strohmaier, S., Jones, F. and Cane, J. 2020. Effects of length of mindfulness practice on mindfulness, depression, anxiety and stress: a randomized controlled experiment. Mindfulness. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01512-5

Publication dates
Authors	Strohmaier, S., Jones, F. and Cane, J.
Abstract	Objectives: Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) vary in length of mindfulness practices included. It might be expected that longer practice leads to greater benefits in terms of increased mindfulness and decreased psychological distress. However, the evidence for such dose-response effects is mixed and generally does not support such strong causal conclusions given its correlational nature. Therefore, the current study sought to clarify which length of mindfulness practice led to greater benefits using an experimental design. Methods: Participants (N = 71; 71.8% female), who were healthy adults with limited prior mindfulness practice experience, were randomized to either (i) four longer (20-minute) mindfulness practices, (ii) four shorter (5-minute) mindfulness practices or (iii) an audiobook control group. All sessions were held in-person over a two-week period, each group listened to the same total length of material each session, and participants refrained from formal mindfulness practice outside of sessions. Results: Both longer and shorter practice significantly improved trait mindfulness, depression, anxiety, and stress compared to controls. Unexpectedly, shorter practice had a significantly greater effect on trait mindfulness (d = 2.17; p < .001) and stress (d = -1.18; p < .01) than longer practice, with a trend in the same direction for depression and anxiety. Mediation analysis findings were mixed. Conclusions: Even a relatively small amount of mindfulness practice can be beneficial and shorter practices may initially be more helpful for novice practitioners in MBPs with minimal teacher contact. Further research is needed to examine such dose-response effects when teacher involvement is greater and over the longer term.
Keywords	Mindfulness; Mindfulness-based programs; Mindfulness practice length; Depression ; Anxiety; Stress
Year	2020
Journal	Mindfulness
Publisher	Springer
ISSN	1868-8535
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01512-5
Official URL	https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01512-5
Online	06 Oct 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted	21 Sep 2020
Deposited	08 Oct 2020
Accepted author manuscript	Accepted manuscript-Effect of mindfulness practice length (Strohmaier et al., 2020).pdf License CC BY 4.0 File Access Level Open
Output status	Published
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Low-intensity guided help through mindfulness (LIGHTMIND): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial comparing supported mindfulness-based cognitive therapy self-help to supported cognitive behavioural therapy self-help for adults experiencing depression

Strauss, C., Arbon, A., Barkham, M., Byford, S., Crane, R., de Visser, R., Heslin, M., Jones, A.-M., Jones, F., Lea, L., Parry, G., Rosten, C. and Cavanagh, K. 2020. Low-intensity guided help through mindfulness (LIGHTMIND): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial comparing supported mindfulness-based cognitive therapy self-help to supported cognitive behavioural therapy self-help for adults experiencing depression. Trials. 21 (374). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04322-1

Interventions for caregivers of children with food allergy: a systematic review

Sugunasingha, N., Jones, F. W. and Jones, C. J. 2020. Interventions for caregivers of children with food allergy: a systematic review. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.13255

The relationship between doses of mindfulness-based programs and depression, anxiety, stress, and mindfulness: a dose-response meta-regression of randomized controlled trials

Strohmaier, S. 2020. The relationship between doses of mindfulness-based programs and depression, anxiety, stress, and mindfulness: a dose-response meta-regression of randomized controlled trials. Mindfulness. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01319-4

A randomized controlled trial of an online, compassion-based intervention for maternal psychological well-being in the first year postpartum

Gammer, I., Hartley-Jones, C. E. and Jones, F. W. 2020. A randomized controlled trial of an online, compassion-based intervention for maternal psychological well-being in the first year postpartum. Mindfulness. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01306-9

Parental support for children with allergies (PASCAL study): a randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of a self-help website for parents of children with food allergy

Sugunasingha, N., Jones, F., du Toit, G. and Jones, C. 2019. Parental support for children with allergies (PASCAL study): a randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of a self-help website for parents of children with food allergy.

Psychological factors associated with quality of life and burden in parents of children with food allergy

Sugunasingha, N., Jones, F., du Toit, G. and Jones, C. 2019. Psychological factors associated with quality of life and burden in parents of children with food allergy.

A Delphi survey to explore best practice for practitioners offering family intervention for psychosis to families with children

Thompson, O., Griffiths, M., Allen, J. and Jones, F. 2019. A Delphi survey to explore best practice for practitioners offering family intervention for psychosis to families with children. Journal of Family Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6427.12264

Co-creativity, well-being and agency: a case study analysis of a co-creative arts group for people with dementia

Zeilig, H., Tischler, V., van der Byl Williams, M., West, J. and Strohmaier, S. 2019. Co-creativity, well-being and agency: a case study analysis of a co-creative arts group for people with dementia. Journal of Aging Studies. 49, pp. 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2019.03.002

A systematic review of community participation measures for people with intellectual disabilities

Taylor-Roberts, L., Strohmaier, S., Jones, F. and Baker, P. 2019. A systematic review of community participation measures for people with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12565

Exploring the effectiveness of a self-help website for parents of children with food allergy: Results from the parental support for children with allergies (PASCAL) trial [Abstract].

Sugunasingha, N., Jones, F., du Toit, G and Jones, C. 2019. Exploring the effectiveness of a self-help website for parents of children with food allergy: Results from the parental support for children with allergies (PASCAL) trial [Abstract]. Clinical & Experimental Allergy. 49 (12), p. 1686. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13523

Self-compassion and compassion towards one’s partner mediate the negative association between insecure attachment and relationship quality.

Bolt, O., Jones, F., Rudaz, M., Ledermann, T. and Irons, C. 2019. Self-compassion and compassion towards one’s partner mediate the negative association between insecure attachment and relationship quality. Journal of Relationships Research. 10. https://doi.org/10.1017/jrr.2019.17

Family-inclusive practice in a psychiatric intensive care unit

Sedgwick, R., Duff, A., Lines, S., Akenzua, A. and Jones, F. 2019. Family-inclusive practice in a psychiatric intensive care unit. BJPsych Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjb.2019.11

Dose-response meta-regression of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs): method, challenges & preliminary findings

Strohmaier, S. 2019. Dose-response meta-regression of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs): method, challenges & preliminary findings.

Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust lived experience practitioner training scheme: co-producing peer support training’

Stirrup, V., Jones, F., MacInnes, D., Davis, F. and Green, D. 2015. Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust lived experience practitioner training scheme: co-producing peer support training’.

Introducing lived experience practitioners: from KTP to LXPs

Stirrup, V., Dimond, I., Jones, F. and MacInnes, D. 2018. Introducing lived experience practitioners: from KTP to LXPs.

Co-producing mental health peer support in Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust

Stirrup, V., Jones, F., MacInnes, D., Davis, F. and Green, D. 2014. Co-producing mental health peer support in Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust.

Conceptualising and understanding artistic creativity in the dementias: interdisciplinary approaches to research and practice

Camic, P., Crutch, S., Murphy, C., Firth, N., Harding, E., Harrison, C., Howard, S., Strohmaier, S., van Leeuwen, J., West, J., Windle, G., Wray, S. and Zeilig, H. 2018. Conceptualising and understanding artistic creativity in the dementias: interdisciplinary approaches to research and practice. Frontiers in Psychology. 9 (1842). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01842

Conceptualising what we mean by ‘wellbeing’ in the dementias

Strohmaier, S. and Camic, P. 2017. Conceptualising what we mean by ‘wellbeing’ in the dementias.

A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of e-interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in university students.

Prosser, T., Gee, K. and Jones, F. 2018. A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of e-interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in university students.

A meta analysis of effectiveness of E interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in college and university students

Prosser, T., Gee, K. and Jones, F. 2018. A meta analysis of effectiveness of E interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in college and university students. Journal of American College health. 66 (4). https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1440579

Engagement and mindfulness-based approaches: dose-response in mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs)

Strohmaier, S. 2018. Engagement and mindfulness-based approaches: dose-response in mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs).

Building a grounded theory of engagement in mindfulness-based group therapy for distressing voices

McHale, C., Hayward, M. and Jones, F. 2018. Building a grounded theory of engagement in mindfulness-based group therapy for distressing voices. Qualitative Health Research.

A randomised controlled trial of a brief online mindfulness-based intervention in a non-clinical population: replication and extension

Cavanagh, K., Churchard, A., O'Hanlon, P., Mundy, E., Votolato, P., Jones, F., Gu, J. and Strauss, C. 2018. A randomised controlled trial of a brief online mindfulness-based intervention in a non-clinical population: replication and extension. Mindfulness. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0856-1

Maternal childhood trauma predicts child maladjustment: exploring risk trajectories.

Plant, D., Jones, F., Pariante, C. and Pawlby, S. 2017. Maternal childhood trauma predicts child maladjustment: exploring risk trajectories.

Classification and intellectual disabilities: an investigation of the factors that predict the performance of athletes with intellectual disability

Gilderthorp, R., Burns, J. and Jones, F. 2018. Classification and intellectual disabilities: an investigation of the factors that predict the performance of athletes with intellectual disability. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. 12 (3), pp. 285-301. https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2017-0018

Taking another’s visual perspective: examining the role of biased thoughts, salient objects and distracting environments

Cane, J., Ferguson, H. and Ulrich, P. 2017. Taking another’s visual perspective: examining the role of biased thoughts, salient objects and distracting environments.

Mindfulness and fear conditioning

Jones, F., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2017. Mindfulness and fear conditioning. in: Gunzelmann, G., Howes, A., Tenbrink, T. and Davelaar, E. (ed.) Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society Austin, Texas Cognitive Science Society. pp. 2327-2332

Mindfulness practice following mindfulness-based cognitive therapy

Jones, F., Langdon, S., Hutton, J. and Holttum, S. 2017. Mindfulness practice following mindfulness-based cognitive therapy.

The association between maternal childhood trauma and offspring childhood psychopathology: a mediation analysis from the ALSPAC cohort

Plant, D., Jones, F., Pariante, C. and Pawlby, S. 2017. The association between maternal childhood trauma and offspring childhood psychopathology: a mediation analysis from the ALSPAC cohort. British Journal of Psychiatry. 211 (3), pp. 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.117.198721

The impact of alcohol cognitions and contexts on perspective tasking

Cane, J., Ferguson, H., Ulrich, P. and Apperly, I. 2016. The impact of alcohol cognitions and contexts on perspective tasking.

Eye-tracking reveals the cost of switching between self and other perspectives in a visual perspective-taking task

Ferguson, H., Apperly, I. and Cane, J. 2016. Eye-tracking reveals the cost of switching between self and other perspectives in a visual perspective-taking task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 70 (8), pp. 1646-1660. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1199716

Validation of the theoretical domains framework for use in behaviour change and implementation research

Cane, J., O'Connor, D. and Michie, S. 2012. Validation of the theoretical domains framework for use in behaviour change and implementation research. Implementation Science : IS. 7 (1), p. 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-7-37

The time-course of recovery from interruption during reading: Eye movement evidence for the role of interruption lag and spatial memory

Cane, J., Cauchard, F. and Weger, U. 2012. The time-course of recovery from interruption during reading: Eye movement evidence for the role of interruption lag and spatial memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 65 (7), pp. 1397-1413. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.656666

Behaviour change among overweight and socially disadvantaged adults: a longitudinal study of the NHS Health Trainer Service

Gardner, B., Cane, J., Rumsey, N. and Michie, S. 2012. Behaviour change among overweight and socially disadvantaged adults: a longitudinal study of the NHS Health Trainer Service. Psychology and Health. 27 (10), pp. 1178-1193. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.652112

The Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (v1) of 93 hierarchically clustered techniques: building an international consensus for the reporting of behavior change interventions

Michie, S., Richardson, M., Johnston, M., Abraham, C., Francis, J., Hardeman, W., Eccles, M., Cane, J. and Wood, C. 2013. The Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (v1) of 93 hierarchically clustered techniques: building an international consensus for the reporting of behavior change interventions. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 46 (1), pp. 81-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9486-6

From lists of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to structured hierarchies: comparison of two methods of developing a hierarchy of BCTs

Cane, J., Richardson, M., Johnston, M., Ladha, R. and Michie, S. 2014. From lists of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to structured hierarchies: comparison of two methods of developing a hierarchy of BCTs. British Journal of Health Psychology. 20 (1), pp. 130-150. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12102

Empathy predicts false belief reasoning ability: evidence from the N400

Ferguson, H., Cane, J., Douchkov, M. and Wright, D. 2014. Empathy predicts false belief reasoning ability: evidence from the N400. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience. 10 (6), pp. 848-855. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsu131

Examining the cognitive costs of counterfactual language comprehension: evidence from ERPs

Ferguson, H. and Cane, J. 2015. Examining the cognitive costs of counterfactual language comprehension: evidence from ERPs. Brain Research. 1622, pp. 252-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2015.05.024

The addiction Stroop task: examining the fast and slow effects of smoking and marijuana-related cues

Cane, J., Sharma, D. and Albery, I. 2008. The addiction Stroop task: examining the fast and slow effects of smoking and marijuana-related cues. Journal of Psychopharmacology. 23 (5), pp. 510-519. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881108091253

Using perspective to resolve reference: the impact of cognitive load and motivation

Cane, J., Ferguson, H. and Apperly, I. 2017. Using perspective to resolve reference: the impact of cognitive load and motivation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000345

Task constraints distinguish perspective inferences from perspective use during discourse interpretation in a false belief task

Ferguson, H., Apperly, I., Ahmad, J., Bindemann, M. and Cane, J. 2015. Task constraints distinguish perspective inferences from perspective use during discourse interpretation in a false belief task. Cognition. 139, pp. 50-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.02.010

Influence of background speech and music in interrupted reading: an eye-tracking study

Cauchard, F., Cane, J. and Weger, U. 2011. Influence of background speech and music in interrupted reading: an eye-tracking study. Applied Cognitive Psychology. 26 (3), pp. 381-390. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1837

The path of mindfulness: an NHS case example

Marx, R. and Jones, F. 2017. The path of mindfulness: an NHS case example. Healthcare Counselling & Psychotherapy Journal.

Knowlege transfer partnerships

MacInnes, D., Jones, F., Stirrup, V., Dimond, I and Green, D 2017. Knowlege transfer partnerships. Swindon, UK Innovate UK.

Conceptualising what we mean by ‘wellbeing’ in the dementias

Strohmaier, S. and Camic, P. 2017. Conceptualising what we mean by ‘wellbeing’ in the dementias.

When one childhood meets another – maternal childhood trauma and offspring child psychopathology: a systematic review.

Plant, D., Pawlby, S., Pariante, C. and Jones, F. 2017. When one childhood meets another – maternal childhood trauma and offspring child psychopathology: a systematic review. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104517742186

Falls self-efficacy and falls incidence in community-dwelling older people: the mediating role of coping

Loft, C., Jones, F. and Kneebone, I. 2017. Falls self-efficacy and falls incidence in community-dwelling older people: the mediating role of coping. International Psychogeriatrics. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610217002319

Tracking the impact of depression in a perspective-taking task

Ferguson, H. and Cane, J. 2017. Tracking the impact of depression in a perspective-taking task. Scientific Reports. 7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13922-y

A “collective effort to make yourself feel better”: The group process in mindfulness-based interventions.

Cormack, D., Jones, F. and Maltby, M. 2017. A “collective effort to make yourself feel better”: The group process in mindfulness-based interventions. Qualitative Health Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732317733448

Design, development and validity testing of the Gang Affiliation Risk Measure (GARM)

Raby, C., Jones, F., Hulbert, S. and Stout, J. 2017. Design, development and validity testing of the Gang Affiliation Risk Measure (GARM). Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2017.1324578

The relationship of IQ to additional disabilities in athletes with Intellectual Disabilities (ID)

Burns, J., Gilderthorp, R. and Jones, F. 2016. The relationship of IQ to additional disabilities in athletes with Intellectual Disabilities (ID).

Inflated responsibility and perfectionism in child and adolescent anorexia

Kerr, C., Watkins, B. and Jones, F. 2016. Inflated responsibility and perfectionism in child and adolescent anorexia. Advances in Eating Disorders: Theory, Research and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1080/21662630.2016.1217494

The Guernsey participation & leisure assessment- revised (GCPLA-r) manual.

Baker, P., Taylor-Roberts, L. and Jones, F. 2016. The Guernsey participation & leisure assessment- revised (GCPLA-r) manual. Canterbury The Tizard Centre, University of Kent.

What happens when the stabilisers come off? Exposure with and without safety-seeking behaviours in spider phobic students

Bowie, R., Jones, F. and Stobie, B. 2016. What happens when the stabilisers come off? Exposure with and without safety-seeking behaviours in spider phobic students.

Self-help mindfulness-based cognitive therapy

Jones, F., Strauss, C. and Cavanagh, K. 2016. Self-help mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. in: Eisendrath, S. (ed.) Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: Innovative Approaches New York Springer.

What is compassion and how can we measure it? A review of definitions and measures

Strauss, C., Lever Taylor, B., Gu, J., Kuyken, W., Baer, R., Jones, F. and Cavanagh, K. 2016. What is compassion and how can we measure it? A review of definitions and measures. Clinical Psychology Review. 47, pp. 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.05.004

Mindfulness and fear conditioning

Jones, F., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2016. Mindfulness and fear conditioning.

Staff experiences of formulating within a team setting

Unadkat, S., Irving Quinn, G., Jones, F. and Casares, P. 2015. Staff experiences of formulating within a team setting. Clinical Psychology Forum (Extended Online Edition). 275, pp. 85-88.

Identifying risks for male street gang affiliation: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

Raby, C. and Jones, F. 2016. Identifying risks for male street gang affiliation: a systematic review and narrative synthesis. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. 27 (5), pp. 601-644. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2016.1195005

The Guernsey community participation and leisure assessment – revised form

Baker, P., Taylor-Roberts, L. and Jones, F. 2016. The Guernsey community participation and leisure assessment – revised form. Canterbury The Tizard Centre, University of Kent.

Building self-compassion and combating low self-esteem: protocol of an online-based CFT programme (YoungMindBeKind.com) for adolescents and young people

Ierfino, D., Irons, C. and Jones, F. 2015. Building self-compassion and combating low self-esteem: protocol of an online-based CFT programme (YoungMindBeKind.com) for adolescents and young people.

The role of working memory and verbal fluency in autobiographical memory in early Alzheimer’s disease and matched controls

Benjamin, M., Cifelli, A., Garrard, P., Caine, D. and Jones, F. 2015. The role of working memory and verbal fluency in autobiographical memory in early Alzheimer’s disease and matched controls. Neuropsychologia. 78, pp. 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.10.006

Do mindfulness based interventions enhance empathy? A meta-analysis.

Justice, E., Jones, F. and Strauss, C. 2015. Do mindfulness based interventions enhance empathy? A meta-analysis.

Mindfulness, self-stigma and social functioning in first episode psychosis: a brief report

Mersh, L., Jones, F. and Oliver, J. 2015. Mindfulness, self-stigma and social functioning in first episode psychosis: a brief report. Psychosis. https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2015.1024714

What does a clinical psychologist do?

Jones, F. and Hartley, C. 2015. What does a clinical psychologist do? in: Davey, G., Lake, N. and Whittington, A. (ed.) Clinical Psychology Routledge.

Can brief mindfulness practice be of benefit? Evidence from an evaluation of group person-based cognitive therapy for depression

Strauss, C., Luke, G., Hayward, M. and Jones, F. 2014. Can brief mindfulness practice be of benefit? Evidence from an evaluation of group person-based cognitive therapy for depression. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist. 7 (e19), pp. 1-18.

A theoretical and empirical review of psychological factors associated with falls-related psychological concerns in community-dwelling older people

Hughes, C., Kneebone, I., Jones, F. and Brady, B. 2015. A theoretical and empirical review of psychological factors associated with falls-related psychological concerns in community-dwelling older people. International Psychogeriatrics. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610214002701

Understanding the concept of resilience in relation to looked after children: A Delphi survey of perceptions from education, social care and foster care

South, R., Jones, F., Creith, E. and Simonds, L. 2015. Understanding the concept of resilience in relation to looked after children: A Delphi survey of perceptions from education, social care and foster care. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104515577485

Evaluation of a brief mood as input intervention for high worriers

Jones, F., Dash, S., Meeten, F. and Davey, G. 2014. Evaluation of a brief mood as input intervention for high worriers.

Inflated responsibility in child and adolescent anorexia nervosa

Wormald, C., Watkins, B. and Jones, F. 2014. Inflated responsibility in child and adolescent anorexia nervosa.

Mindfulness-based interventions: lessons from the clinical literature

Jones, F. 2014. Mindfulness-based interventions: lessons from the clinical literature.

A meta-analysis examining the psychological benefits of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for healthcare practitioners

Strauss, C., Cavanagh, K., Mundy, T., Jones, F. and O'Hanlon, P. 2014. A meta-analysis examining the psychological benefits of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for healthcare practitioners.

The effectiveness of self-help mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in a student sample: A randomised controlled trial

Lever Taylor, B., Strauss, C., Cavanagh, K. and Jones, F. 2014. The effectiveness of self-help mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in a student sample: A randomised controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 63, pp. 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.09.007

Evaluation of a brief 4-session psychoeducation procedure for high worriers based on the mood-as-input hypothesis

Dash, S., Meeten, F., Jones, F. and Davey, G. 2014. Evaluation of a brief 4-session psychoeducation procedure for high worriers based on the mood-as-input hypothesis. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 46, pp. 126-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.09.008

State-trace analysis: dissociable processes in a connectionist network?

Yeates, F., Wills, A., Jones, F. and McLaren, I. 2014. State-trace analysis: dissociable processes in a connectionist network? Cognitive Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12185

Offering mindfulness to trainee therapists and NHS staff

Jones, F. 2014. Offering mindfulness to trainee therapists and NHS staff.

Differences in the factor structure of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire in Northern Irish children.

Ellis, K., Jones, F. and Mallet, J. 2014. Differences in the factor structure of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire in Northern Irish children. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology. 20 (3), pp. 330-333. https://doi.org/10.1037/pac0000041

Cognitive biases in anorexia nervosa: the role of inflated responsibility and perfectionism.

Wormald, C., Watkins, B. and Jones, F. 2014. Cognitive biases in anorexia nervosa: the role of inflated responsibility and perfectionism.

The transition between CAMHS and AMHS for looked after children: mind the gap

Ellis, K., South, R. and Jones, F. 2014. The transition between CAMHS and AMHS for looked after children: mind the gap. Clinical Psychology Forum.

The process of engaging in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a partnership: a grounded theory study

Smith, E., Jones, F., Holttum, S. and Griffiths, K. 2014. The process of engaging in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a partnership: a grounded theory study. Mindfulness.

Cue competition in human associative learning

McLaren, I., Jones, F., Yeates, F. and McLaren, R. 2013. Cue competition in human associative learning.

Can mindfulness and acceptance be learnt by self-help?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of mindfulness and acceptance-based self-help interventions

Cavanagh, K., Strauss, C., Forder, L. and Jones, F. 2014. Can mindfulness and acceptance be learnt by self-help?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of mindfulness and acceptance-based self-help interventions. Clinical Psychology Review. 34 (2), pp. 118-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2014.01.001

Cue competition in human incidental learning

McLaren, I., Jones, F., McLaren, R. and Yeates, F. 2013. Cue competition in human incidental learning.

Do concurrently presented tones enhance sequence learning in humans? Testing a prediction of the RASRN model

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A. and McLaren, I. 2014. Do concurrently presented tones enhance sequence learning in humans? Testing a prediction of the RASRN model.

Cue competition in human associative learning

McLaren, I., Jones, F., Yeates, F. and McLaren, R. 2014. Cue competition in human associative learning.

Do concurrently presented tones enhance sequence learning in humans? Testing a prediction of the RASRN model

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A. and McLaren, I. 2013. Do concurrently presented tones enhance sequence learning in humans? Testing a prediction of the RASRN model.

Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an Investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm

McAndrew, A., Jones, F., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2013. Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an Investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm.

Demonstrating implicit learning with a novel serial reaction time task

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A. and McLaren, I. 2012. Demonstrating implicit learning with a novel serial reaction time task.

State-trace analysis of serial recurrent networks

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A. and McLaren, I. 2011. State-trace analysis of serial recurrent networks.

Demonstrating implicit learning with a novel serial reaction time task

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A. and McLaren, I. 2012. Demonstrating implicit learning with a novel serial reaction time task.

Associations and propositions: the case for a dual-process account of learning in humans

McLaren, I., Forrest, C., McLaren, R., Jones, F., Aitken, M. and Mackintosh, N. 2014. Associations and propositions: the case for a dual-process account of learning in humans. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. 108, pp. 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.09.014

Corrigendum to “A meta-analysis of cognitive therapy for worry in generalized anxiety disorder” [Clin. Psychol. Rev. 33/1 (2013) 120–132]

Hanrahan, F., Field, A., Jones, F. and Davey, G. 2013. Corrigendum to “A meta-analysis of cognitive therapy for worry in generalized anxiety disorder” [Clin. Psychol. Rev. 33/1 (2013) 120–132]. Clinical Psychology Review. 33 (3), pp. 500-500.

Cue competition in human associative learning [Abstract]

McLaren, R., Jones, F., Yeates, F. and McLaren, I. 2013. Cue competition in human associative learning [Abstract]. in: Knauff, M., Pauen, M., Sebanz, N. and Wachsmuth, I. (ed.) Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society Austin, TX Cognitive Science Society. pp. 4044-4044

Implicit learning: a demonstration and a revision to a novel SRT paradigm

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A., Aitken, M. and McLaren, I. 2013. Implicit learning: a demonstration and a revision to a novel SRT paradigm. in: Knauff, M., Sebanz, N., Pauen, M. and Wachsmuth, I. (ed.) Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society Austin, TX Cognitive Science Society. pp. 3829-3834

Cultivating self-care and compassion in psychological therapists in training: the experience of practicing loving-kindness meditation.

Boellinghaus, I., Jones, F. and Hutton, J. 2013. Cultivating self-care and compassion in psychological therapists in training: the experience of practicing loving-kindness meditation. Training and Education in Professional Psychology. 2013 (July 8). https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033092

A randomised controlled trial of a brief online mindfulness-based intervention

Cavanagh, K., Strauss, C., Cicconi, F., Griffiths, N., Wyper, A. and Jones, F. 2013. A randomised controlled trial of a brief online mindfulness-based intervention. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 51 (9), pp. 573-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2013.06.003

Strengthening healthcare communities through knowledge exchange

Jones, F. and MacInnes, D. 2013. Strengthening healthcare communities through knowledge exchange.

Adolescents’ experiences of receiving and living with sequential cochlear implants: an interpretative phenomenological analysis

Hilton, K., Jones, F., Harmon, S. and Cropper, J. 2013. Adolescents’ experiences of receiving and living with sequential cochlear implants: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/ent025

A feasibility RCT of a brief mindfulness-based internet intervention for students

Cavanagh, K., Strauss, C., Forder, L. and Jones, F. 2013. A feasibility RCT of a brief mindfulness-based internet intervention for students.

Accurately representing stimulus conditions in computational simulations

Yeates, F., McAndrew, A., Jones, F., Wills, A., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2013. Accurately representing stimulus conditions in computational simulations.

Modeling human sequence learning under incidental conditions

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2013. Modeling human sequence learning under incidental conditions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. 39 (2), pp. 166-173. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031922

Adolescent experiences of receiving and living with sequential cochlear implants: an interpretative phenomenological analysis

Hilton, K., Jones, F., Harmon, S. and Cropper, J. 2013. Adolescent experiences of receiving and living with sequential cochlear implants: an interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Facilitating reflective practice groups in clinical psychology training: a phenomenological study

Binks, C., Jones, F. and Knight, K. 2013. Facilitating reflective practice groups in clinical psychology training: a phenomenological study. Reflective Practice: International and Multidisciplinary Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2013.767228

The role of mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation in cultivating self-compassion and other-focused concern in health care professionals

Boellinghaus, I., Jones, F. and Hutton, J. 2012. The role of mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation in cultivating self-compassion and other-focused concern in health care professionals. Mindfulness. 2012 (Oct.). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-012-0158-6

The experiences and coping strategies of United Kingdom-based African women following an HIV diagnosis during pregnancy

Treisman, K., Jones, F. and Shaw, E. 2013. The experiences and coping strategies of United Kingdom-based African women following an HIV diagnosis during pregnancy. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2013.01.008

Can group narrative therapy facilitate adjustment to multiple sclerosis?

van den Heuvel, A., Jones, F. and Rich, J. 2012. Can group narrative therapy facilitate adjustment to multiple sclerosis?

Factors associated with client drop-out from NHS psychological therapy. [Abstract].

Jones, F. and Carraretto, K. 2002. Factors associated with client drop-out from NHS psychological therapy. [Abstract]. Proceedings of The British Psychological Society. 10, pp. 76-76.

Human sequence learning under incidental conditions

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2011. Human sequence learning under incidental conditions.

Demonstrating implicit learning with a novel serial reaction time task

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A., Aitken, M. and McLaren, I. 2012. Demonstrating implicit learning with a novel serial reaction time task.

Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm

McAndrew, A., Jones, F., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2012. Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm.

Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm

Jones, F., McAndrew, A., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2012. Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm.

Working with service-users to develop a mood as input based approach to worry

Jones, F., Chandler, R., Khimsharia, P., Bogdanowicz, K. and Davey, G. 2011. Working with service-users to develop a mood as input based approach to worry.

A qualitative dissociation in sequence learning

Jones, F. and McLaren, I. 2000. A qualitative dissociation in sequence learning.

Rules and associations: did the peak shift for you?

Jones, F. and McLaren, I. 1999. Rules and associations: did the peak shift for you?

Rules and associations: a qualitative dissociation in sequence learning

Jones, F. 1998. Rules and associations: a qualitative dissociation in sequence learning.

An exploration of the reading comprehension of adults with mild and borderline learning disabilities

Jones, F. 2003. An exploration of the reading comprehension of adults with mild and borderline learning disabilities. PhD Thesis University of Surrey Psychology

Modelling of decision processes in human categorisation

Jones, F., Wills, A. and McLaren, I. 1997. Modelling of decision processes in human categorisation.

Why now is the time to invest in e-health technologies

De Weger, E., Jones, F., MacInnes, D., Enser, J. and Francis, S. 2012. Why now is the time to invest in e-health technologies. Health Service Journal [Resource Centre].

The APECS-SRN: towards a model of SRT sequence learning

Jones, F., Le Pelley, M. and McLaren, I. 2002. The APECS-SRN: towards a model of SRT sequence learning. in: Burkett, L. (ed.) Proceedings of the 2002 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks: IJCNN'02: Hilton Hawaiian Village Hotel, Honolulu, Hawaii, May 12-17, 2002 Honolulu, Hawaii IEEE. pp. 692-696

State-trace analysis of sequence learning by simple recurrent networks

Yeates, F., Wills, A., Jones, F. and McLaren, I. 2012. State-trace analysis of sequence learning by simple recurrent networks. in: Miyake, N., Peeble, D. and Cooper, R. (ed.) Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Sapporo, Japan, August 1-4 2012 Cognitive Science Society.

Implicit learning: a demonstration and a novel SRT paradigm

Yeates, F., Jones, F., Wills, A., Aitken, M. and McLaren, I. 2012. Implicit learning: a demonstration and a novel SRT paradigm. in: Miyake, N., Peeble, D. and Cooper, R. (ed.) Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Sapporo, Japan, August 1-4 2012 Cognitive Science Society. pp. 1185-1190

Clinical psychology: training and development

Jones, F. 2011. Clinical psychology: training and development. in: Davey, G. (ed.) Introduction to Applied Psychology Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 111-126

Managing anxiety with CBT for dummies

Davey, G., Cavanagh, K., Jones, F., Turner, L. and Whittington, A. 2012. Managing anxiety with CBT for dummies. John Wiley & Sons.

Implementing video conferencing in mental health practice

De Weger, E., MacInnes, D., Enser, J., Francis, S. and Jones, F. 2012. Implementing video conferencing in mental health practice. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2012.01947.x

An exploratory study of the relationship between metacognition and recovery style in people with psychosis

Leonard, L., Jones, F. and Cupitt, C. 2012. An exploratory study of the relationship between metacognition and recovery style in people with psychosis. Psychosis. https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2012.722226

A meta-analysis of cognitive therapy for worry in generalized anxiety disorder

Hanrahan, F., Field, A., Jones, F. and Davey, G. 2013. A meta-analysis of cognitive therapy for worry in generalized anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review. 33 (1), pp. 120-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.10.008

Perceived social stigma and attitudes toward seeking therapy in training: a cross-national study

Digiuni, M., Jones, F. and Camic, P. 2012. Perceived social stigma and attitudes toward seeking therapy in training: a cross-national study. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training. 2012 (Aug 13). https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028784

Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm

McAndrew, A., Jones, F., McLaren, R. and McLaren, I. 2012. Dissociating expectancy of shock and changes in skin conductance: an investigation of the Perruchet effect using an electrodermal paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. 38 (2), pp. 203-208. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026718

A grounded-theory study of mindfulness practice following mindfulness-based cognitive therapy

Langdon, S., Jones, F., Hutton, J. and Holttum, S. 2011. A grounded-theory study of mindfulness practice following mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Mindfulness. 2 (4), pp. 270-281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-011-0070-5

Out of control: an associative account of congruency effects in sequence learning

Beesley, T., Jones, F. and Shanks, D. 2012. Out of control: an associative account of congruency effects in sequence learning. Consciousness and Cognition. 21 (1), pp. 413-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2011.09.020

I'm not all gone, I can still speak: the experiences of younger people with dementia: an action research study

Pipon-Young, F., Lee, K., Jones, F. and Guss, R. 2012. I'm not all gone, I can still speak: the experiences of younger people with dementia: an action research study. Dementia: The International Journal for Social Research and Practice. 11 (5), pp. 597-616. https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301211421087

Understanding the concept of resilience with regard to looked after children: perceptions from education, social care and foster care

South, R., Jones, F., Creith, E. and Simonds, L. 2010. Understanding the concept of resilience with regard to looked after children: perceptions from education, social care and foster care.

Mindfulness as a mediator of self-stigma: an investigation into whether mindfulness mediates the effect of self-stigma on social functioning in a first episode psychosis sample

Mersh, L., Jones, F. and Oliver, J. 2010. Mindfulness as a mediator of self-stigma: an investigation into whether mindfulness mediates the effect of self-stigma on social functioning in a first episode psychosis sample.

Effects of length of mindfulness practice on mindfulness, depression, anxiety and stress: a randomized controlled experiment

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