Dry Reforming of Methane Using Gd-promoted Ni/SBA-16 Catalyst: Structure, Activity and Process Optimization with Response Surface Methodology
Journal article
Al-Zahrani, Salma A., Alotibi, Mohammed F., Osman, Ahmed I., Bhran, A., Alreshidi, M., Al Otaibi, Ahmed, Al-Enazy, Hessah Difallah A., Alsaif, N. and Al-Fatesh, A. 2025. Dry Reforming of Methane Using Gd-promoted Ni/SBA-16 Catalyst: Structure, Activity and Process Optimization with Response Surface Methodology. Nanomaterials. 15 (19), p. 1527. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15191527
| Authors | Al-Zahrani, Salma A., Alotibi, Mohammed F., Osman, Ahmed I., Bhran, A., Alreshidi, M., Al Otaibi, Ahmed, Al-Enazy, Hessah Difallah A., Alsaif, N. and Al-Fatesh, A. |
|---|---|
| Abstract | This work examines the effect of gadolinium (Gd) promotion on nickel-based SBA-16 catalysts for the dry reforming of methane (DRM), with the goal of improving syngas production by optimizing catalyst composition and operating conditions. Catalysts with varying Gd loadings (0.5–3 wt.%) were synthesised using co-impregnation. XRD, N2 physisorption, FTIR, XPS, and H2-TPR–CO2-TPD–H2-TPR were used to examine the structural features, textural properties, surface composition, and redox behaviour of the catalysts. XPS indicated formation of enhanced metal–support interactions, while initial and post-treatment H2–TPR analyses showed that moderate Gd loadings (1–2 wt.%) maintained a balanced distribution of reducible Ni species. The catalysts were tested for DRM performance at 800 °C and a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 42,000 mL g−1 h−1. 1–2 wt.% Gd-promoted catalysts achieved the highest H2 (~67%) and CO yield (~76%). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to identify optimal reaction conditions for maximum H2 yield. RSM predicted 848.9 °C temperature, 31,283 mL g−1 h−1 GHSV, and a CH4/CO2 ratio of 0.61 as optimal, predicting a H2 yield of 96.64%, which closely matched the experimental value of H2 yield (96.66%). The 5Ni–2Gd/SBA-16 catalyst exhibited minimal coke deposition, primarily of a graphitic character, as evidenced by TGA–DSC and Raman analyses. These results demonstrate the synergy between catalyst design and process optimization in maximizing DRM efficiency. |
| Keywords | hydrogen production; catalyst optimization; Ni/SBA-16 catalyst; response surface methodology (RSM); gadolinium promoter; dry reforming of methane |
| Year | 2025 |
| Journal | Nanomaterials |
| Journal citation | 15 (19), p. 1527 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG |
| ISSN | 2079-4991 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15191527 |
| Official URL | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/19/1527 |
| Funder | Scientific Research Deanship at the University of Ha’il—Saudi Arabia |
| Publication dates | |
| Online | 06 Oct 2025 |
| Publication process dates | |
| Deposited | 15 Oct 2025 |
| Accepted | 03 Oct 2025 |
| Publisher's version | File Access Level Open |
| Output status | Published |
| Additional information | Publications router: Date 2025-10-06 of type 'publication_date' with format 'electronic' included in notification |
Publications router: License for VOR version of this article starting on 2025-10-06: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ included in notification | |
| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Editors | Pang, Weiqiang, Trache, Djalal and Zhang, Kaili |
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https://repository.canterbury.ac.uk/item/9w500/dry-reforming-of-methane-using-gd-promoted-ni-sba-16-catalyst-structure-activity-and-process-optimization-with-response-surface-methodology
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