Preeclampsia screening taking into account ethnicity and socioeconomic status - a comparison of the competing-risks model and risk factor scoring.

Journal article

Arechvo, Anastasija, Syngelaki, Argyro, Akolekar, Ranjit, Von Dadelszen, Peter, Nicolaides, Kypros H. and Magee, Laura A. 2025. Preeclampsia screening taking into account ethnicity and socioeconomic status - a comparison of the competing-risks model and risk factor scoring. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC. p. 103087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2025.103087
AuthorsArechvo, Anastasija, Syngelaki, Argyro, Akolekar, Ranjit, Von Dadelszen, Peter, Nicolaides, Kypros H. and Magee, Laura A.
AbstractTo compare pre-eclampsia risk screening by risk factors and the multivariable competing-risks model. This prospective cohort study enrolled singleton pregnancies, without major anomalies, and delivering at ≥24 weeks. PE risk was compared between the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) model and clinical risk factors, by National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance, United Kingdom (UK), and 'NICE-modified' by adding Black ethnicity and social deprivation (Index of Multiple Deprivation [IMD] deciles 1-4) as moderate-risk factors. To compare screening strategies, we matched the FMF screen-positive rate (SPR) to NICE. At 11-13 weeks, preterm PE risk was assessed in 44 813 pregnancies; 368 (0.8%) developed preterm PE. At SPR = 7.4%, FMF (vs. NICE) almost tripled preterm PE DR, but by more (by 19.8%) among Black women. The FMF model at SPR = 7.4% had DR = 67.7% for preterm PE, similar to NICE-modified screening (67.4%, which had SPR = 40.1%). At 35-36 weeks, subsequent PE risk was assessed in 29 035 pregnancies; 654 (2.3%) developed PE. At SPR = 10.9%, FMF (vs. NICE) more than doubled subsequent PE DR, regardless of IMD or Black ethnicity. FMF at SPR = 10.9% had DR for subsequent PE at least as high (70.5%) as NICE-modified screening (61.5%), which had SPR = 37.4%. The FMF model detects PE risk similar to risk factor-based screening, with addition of Black ethnicity and social deprivation as moderate-risk factors, but at substantially lower SPR, at 11-13 weeks when aspirin is offered to prevent preterm PE, and at 35-36 weeks when timed birth at term may prevent term PE. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.]
KeywordsDeprivation; Preeclampsia; Ethnicity; Screening
Year2025
JournalJournal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC
Journal citationp. 103087
PublisherElsevier
ISSN2665-9867
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2025.103087
Official URLhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1701216325003330?via%3Dihub
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Online01 Sep 2025
Publication process dates
Accepted09 Jun 2025
Deposited17 Sep 2025
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Open
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Akolekar, R., Ciobanu, A., Zingler, E., Syngelaki, A. and Nicolaides, K.H. 2019. Routine assessment of cerebroplacental ratio at 35-37 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 221 (1), pp. 65.e1-65.e18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.03.002
Routine ultrasound at 32 vs 36 weeks' gestation: prediction of small-for-gestational-age neonates
Ciobanu, A., Khan, N., Syngelaki, A., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2019. Routine ultrasound at 32 vs 36 weeks' gestation: prediction of small-for-gestational-age neonates. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 53 (6), pp. 761-768. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20258
Prediction of small-for-gestational-age neonates at 35-37 weeks' gestation: contribution of maternal factors and growth velocity between 32 and 36 weeks
Ciobanu, A., Anthoulakis, C., Syngelaki, A., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K.H. 2019. Prediction of small-for-gestational-age neonates at 35-37 weeks' gestation: contribution of maternal factors and growth velocity between 32 and 36 weeks. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 53 (5), pp. 630-637. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20267
Maternal and neonatal complications of fetal macrosomia: cohort study
Beta, J., Khan, N., Fiolna, M., Khalil, A., Ramadan, G. and Akolekar, R. 2019. Maternal and neonatal complications of fetal macrosomia: cohort study. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 54 (3), pp. 319-325. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20279
Procedure-related risk of miscarriage following chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis
Beta, J., Zhang, W., Geris, S., Kostiv, V. and Akolekar, R. 2019. Procedure-related risk of miscarriage following chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 54 (4), pp. 452-457. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20293
Biomarkers of impaired placentation at 35-37 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome
Ciobanou, A., Jabak, S., De Castro, H., Frei, L., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2019. Biomarkers of impaired placentation at 35-37 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 54 (1), pp. 79-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20346
Risk of miscarriage following amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling: systematic review of literature and updated meta-analysis
Salomon, L. J., Sotiriadis, A., Wulff, C. B., Odibo, A. and Akolekar, R. 2019. Risk of miscarriage following amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling: systematic review of literature and updated meta-analysis. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 54 (4), pp. 442-451. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20353
Prediction of large-for-gestational-age neonate by routine third-trimester ultrasound
Khan, N., Ciobanu, A., Karampitsakos, T., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2019. Prediction of large-for-gestational-age neonate by routine third-trimester ultrasound. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 54 (2), pp. 326-333. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20377
Two-stage approach for prediction of small-for-gestational-age neonate and adverse perinatal outcome by routine ultrasound examination at 35-37 weeks' gestation
Akolekar, R., Panaitescu, A. M., Ciobanu, A., Syngelaki, A. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2019. Two-stage approach for prediction of small-for-gestational-age neonate and adverse perinatal outcome by routine ultrasound examination at 35-37 weeks' gestation. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 54, pp. 484-491. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.20391
Prevention of stillbirths: impact of a two-stage screening for vasa previa
Zhang, W., Geris, S., Beta, J., Ramadan, G., Nicolaides, K. H. and Akolekar, R. 2019. Prevention of stillbirths: impact of a two-stage screening for vasa previa. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 55 (5), pp. 605-612. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.21953
Impact of prospective measurement of outflow tracts in the prediction of coarctation of the aorta
Vigneswaran, T. V., Zidere, V., Chivers, S., Charakida, M., Akolekar, R. and Simpson, J. M. 2019. Impact of prospective measurement of outflow tracts in the prediction of coarctation of the aorta. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.21957
Diagnosis of major heart defects by routine first-trimester ultrasound examination: association with high nuchal translucency, tricuspid regurgitation and abnormal flow in the ductus venosus
Minnella, G. P., Crupano, F. M., Syngelaki, A., Zidere, V., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2019. Diagnosis of major heart defects by routine first-trimester ultrasound examination: association with high nuchal translucency, tricuspid regurgitation and abnormal flow in the ductus venosus. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 55 (5), pp. 637-644. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.21956
Screening for pre-eclampsia using sFlt-1/PlGF ratio cut-off of 38 at 30-37 weeks' gestation
Dragan, I., Georgiou, T., Prodan, N., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2017. Screening for pre-eclampsia using sFlt-1/PlGF ratio cut-off of 38 at 30-37 weeks' gestation. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 49 (1), pp. 73-77. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17301
Uterine artery pulsatility index at 30-34 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome
Valiño, N., Giunta, G., Gallo, D. M., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Uterine artery pulsatility index at 30-34 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 47 (3), pp. 308-315. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.14898
Biophysical and biochemical markers at 30-34 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome
Valiño, N., Giunta, G., Gallo, D. M., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Biophysical and biochemical markers at 30-34 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 47 (2), pp. 194-202. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.14928
Screening for trisomies by cell-free DNA testing of maternal blood: consequences of a failed result
Revello, R., Sarno, L., Ispas, A., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Screening for trisomies by cell-free DNA testing of maternal blood: consequences of a failed result. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 47 (6), pp. 698-704. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.15851
Metformin versus placebo in obese pregnant women without diabetes mellitus
Syngelaki, A., Nicolaides, K. H., Balani, J., Hyer, S., Akolekar, R., Kotecha, R., Pastides, A. and Shehata, H. 2016. Metformin versus placebo in obese pregnant women without diabetes mellitus. New England Journal of Medicine. 374, pp. 434-43. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1509819
Prospective first-trimester screening for trisomies by cell-free DNA testing of maternal blood in twin pregnancy
Sarno, L., Revello, R., Hanson, E., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Prospective first-trimester screening for trisomies by cell-free DNA testing of maternal blood in twin pregnancy. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 47 (6), pp. 705-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.15913
Prediction of stillbirth from biochemical and biophysical markers at 11-13 weeks
Mastrodima, S., Akolekar, R., Yerlikaya, G., Tzelepis, T. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Prediction of stillbirth from biochemical and biophysical markers at 11-13 weeks. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 48 (5), pp. 613-617. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17289
Prediction of stillbirth from maternal demographic and pregnancy characteristics
Yerlikaya, G., Akolekar, R., McPherson, K., Syngelaki, A. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Prediction of stillbirth from maternal demographic and pregnancy characteristics. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 48 (5), pp. 607-612. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17290
Endoscopic placental laser coagulation in dichorionic and monochorionic triplet pregnancies
Peeva, G., Chaveeva, P., Gil Guevara, E., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Endoscopic placental laser coagulation in dichorionic and monochorionic triplet pregnancies. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 40 (3), pp. 174-180. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443792
Prediction of stillbirth from maternal factors, fetal biometry and uterine artery Doppler at 19-24 weeks
Akolekar, R., Tokunaka, M., Ortega, N., Syngelaki, A. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Prediction of stillbirth from maternal factors, fetal biometry and uterine artery Doppler at 19-24 weeks. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 48 (5), pp. 624-630. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17295
Prediction of stillbirth from placental growth factor at 11-13 weeks
Akolekar, R., Machuca, M., Mendes, M., Paschos, V. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Prediction of stillbirth from placental growth factor at 11-13 weeks. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 48 (5), pp. 618-623. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17288
Prediction of stillbirth from placental growth factor at 19-24 weeks
Aupont J. E., Akolekar, R., Illian, A., Neonakis, S. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2016. Prediction of stillbirth from placental growth factor at 19-24 weeks. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 48 (5), pp. 631-635. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17229
Biophysical and biochemical markers at 35-37 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome
Valiño, N., Giunta, G., Gallo, D. M., Akolekar, R. and Nicolaides, K. H. 2015. Biophysical and biochemical markers at 35-37 weeks' gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 47 (2), pp. 203-209. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.15663