Seed scarification and plant extracts enhanced germination, seed health and seedlings vigour of Tetrapleura tetraptera

Journal article

Niky Joliesse Nouteka Koagne, Steve Ngalle Tchatho, Sylver Landry Dida Lontsi, Sylvie Essomo Etanke, Hans Abireche Utenego, Hubert Joseph Yamdeu Galani and Joseph Djeugap Fovo 2025. Seed scarification and plant extracts enhanced germination, seed health and seedlings vigour of Tetrapleura tetraptera. Agricultural Sciences. 16, pp. 472-488. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2025.165031
AuthorsNiky Joliesse Nouteka Koagne, Steve Ngalle Tchatho, Sylver Landry Dida Lontsi, Sylvie Essomo Etanke, Hans Abireche Utenego, Hubert Joseph Yamdeu Galani and Joseph Djeugap Fovo
Abstract

Seed dormancy and seed-borne fungi are main biological constraints to the domestication of edible non-timber forest products such as Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thermal and mechanical scarification on seed dormancy and the efficacy of three plant aqueous extracts (Cymbopogon citratus, Callistemom viminalis, Tephrosia vogelii) against seed-borne diseases and seedlings vigour of T. tetraptera. Treatments consisted of soaking the seeds in water at 80˚C for 2 and 4 hours, scarification of seeds with abrasive paper at 1 mm and 2 mm depths. The antifungal activity of plant extracts was evaluated both in vitro (by the poising method on agar medium) and in vivo at 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mg/mL. Momtaz (Imidacloprid 250 g/kg + Thiram 200 g/kg) was used as a positive control. Dormancy was lifted by scarification at 2 mm depth; this treatment had the highest germination percentage (92.33%) and the lowest infection rate (20.67%). The more frequent seed-borne fungi isolated belong to Aspergillus sp. (18.43% - 21.78%). The pathogenicity test was positive with Alternaria alternata, A. fumigatus and Cercospora sp. T. vogelii extract totally inhibited the growth of the pathogenic fungi at all the concentrations tested. Seed infection obtained with T. vogelii (4.12%) extracts at 7.5 mg/mL was significantly similar to Momtaz (3.33%). The extract of C. viminalis had the highest vigour index (674.42) at 7.5 mg/mL. Mechanical scarification using abrasive paper and seed treatment with plant extracts of T. vogelii could be used in the domestication process of the species.

KeywordsEdible non-timber forest products; Plant extracts; Seed-borne fungi; Seed dormancy; Tetrapleura tetraptera
Year2025
JournalAgricultural Sciences
Journal citation16, pp. 472-488
PublisherScientific Research Publishing
ISSN2156-8561
2156-8553
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2025.165031
Official URLhttps://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=143005
Related URLhttps://doi.org/10.4236/as.2025.165031
Publication dates
Online09 May 2025
Publication process dates
Deposited03 Sep 2025
Supplemental file
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
References

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Yamdeu Joseph Hubert Galani, Emilie Marie Øst Hansen, Ioannis Droutsas, Melvin Holmes, Andrew Juan Challinor, Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen and Caroline Orfila 2022. Effects of combined abiotic stresses on nutrient content of European wheat and implications for nutritional security under climate change. Scientific Reports. 12, p. 5700. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09538-6
Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of Maize (Zea Mays L.) and can impact food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa
Joseph Hubert Galani Yamdeu, Ivy S. Ligowe, Martin Kieffer, Donwell Kamalongo, Alfred Mexon Kambwiri, Pamela Kuwali, Christian Thierfelder, Andrew J. Dougill, Yun Yun Gong and Caroline Orfila 2022. Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of Maize (Zea Mays L.) and can impact food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa. Frontiers in Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.804663/full
Effect of aqueous extract of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) and soil amendment with cassava peels compost on nutrients, pesticide residues, yield and antioxidant properties of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
J. Nguefack, D. Onguene, J.B. Dongmo Lekagne, C. Dakole Daboy, G. Ndonkeu Mangoumou and J. Galani Yamdeu 2022. Effect of aqueous extract of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) and soil amendment with cassava peels compost on nutrients, pesticide residues, yield and antioxidant properties of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 295, p. 110872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110872
Green extraction of polyphenols from citrus peel by-products and their antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus
Yue Liu, Meryem Benohoud, Joseph Hubert Galani Yamdeu, Yun Yun Gong and Caroline Orfila 2021. Green extraction of polyphenols from citrus peel by-products and their antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. Food Chemistry: X. 12, p. 1001444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100144
Phytosanitary practices and evaluation of 17 pesticides residues in tomatoes fruits produced in Foumbot District Western Highland-Cameroon
Sopkoutie NGK, Abdulai AN, Tarla DN, Djeugap FJ, Galani Yamdeu JH, Ekengoue CM, Tabang WM, Nya E and Payne VK 2021. Phytosanitary practices and evaluation of 17 pesticides residues in tomatoes fruits produced in Foumbot District Western Highland-Cameroon. European Scientific Journal. 17 (3). https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n3p30
Contamination of foods from Cameroon with residues of 20 halogenated pesticides, and health risk of adult human dietary exposure
Joseph Galani Yamdeu, Michael Houbraken, Abukari Wumbei, Joseph Fovo Djeugap, Daniel Fotio, Yun Yun Gong and Pieter Spanoghe 2021. Contamination of foods from Cameroon with residues of 20 halogenated pesticides, and health risk of adult human dietary exposure. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.
Monitoring and dietary risk assessment of 81 pesticide residues in 11 local agricultural products from the 3 largest cities of Cameroon
Galani Yamdeu, J.H., Houbraken, M., Wumbei, A., Djeugap, J.F., Fotio, D., Gong, Y.Y. and Spanoghe, P. 2020. Monitoring and dietary risk assessment of 81 pesticide residues in 11 local agricultural products from the 3 largest cities of Cameroon. Food Control. 118, p. 107416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107416
Grain morphological characterization and protein content of sixty-eight local rice (Oryza sativa L) cultivars from Cameroon
Joseph Hubert Galani Yamdeu, Marlyn Njimeni Tchuisse, Eddy Leonard Magaptche Ngonkeu, Dorothy K. Malaa, Honore Tekeu, Thomas Mballa, Akindeh Nji and Thaddee Boudjeko 2020. Grain morphological characterization and protein content of sixty-eight local rice (Oryza sativa L) cultivars from Cameroon. African Journal of Plant Science. 14 (1), pp. 24-35. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPS2019.1921
A review of postharvest approaches to reduce fungal and mycotoxin contamination of foods
Yue Liu, Joseph Hubert Galani Yamdeu, Yun Yun Gong and Caroline Orfila 2020. A review of postharvest approaches to reduce fungal and mycotoxin contamination of foods. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 19 (4), pp. 1521-1560. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12562
A review of micronutrient deficiencies and analysis of maize contribution to nutrient requirements of women and children in Eastern and Southern Africa
Galani Yamdeu, J. 2020. A review of micronutrient deficiencies and analysis of maize contribution to nutrient requirements of women and children in Eastern and Southern Africa. Critical Reviews in Food Sciences and Nutrition. 62 (6), pp. 1568-1591. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1844636
Comparison of electrospray and UniSpray, a novel atmospheric pressure ionization interface, for LC-MS/MS analysis of 81 pesticide residues in food and water matrices
Joseph Hubert Galani Yamdeu, Michael Houbraken, Marijn Van Hulle and Pieter Spanoghe 2019. Comparison of electrospray and UniSpray, a novel atmospheric pressure ionization interface, for LC-MS/MS analysis of 81 pesticide residues in food and water matrices. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-01886-z
Evaluation of 99 pesticide residues in major agricultural products from the Western Highlands zone of Cameroon using QuECHERS method extraction and LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD analyses
Galani Yamdeu, J., Houbraken, M., Wumbei, A., Djeugap, J.F., Fotio, D. and Spanoghe, P. 2018. Evaluation of 99 pesticide residues in major agricultural products from the Western Highlands zone of Cameroon using QuECHERS method extraction and LC-MS/MS and GC-ECD analyses. Foods. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods7110184
Effect of storage temperature on Vitamin C, total phenolics, UPLC phenolic acid profile and antioxidant capacity of eleven potato (Solanum tuberosum) varieties
Joseph H, Galani Yamdeu, J., Pooja M. Mankad, Avadh K. Shah, Nilesh J. Patel, Rajeshkumar R. Acharya and Jayant G. Talatib 2017. Effect of storage temperature on Vitamin C, total phenolics, UPLC phenolic acid profile and antioxidant capacity of eleven potato (Solanum tuberosum) varieties. Horticultural Plant Journal. 3 (2), pp. 73-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2017.07.004
Storage of fruits and vegetables in refrigerator increases their phenolic acids but decreases the total phenolics, anthocyanins and Vitamin C with subsequent loss of their antioxidant capacity
Joseph H. Galani Yamdeu, Jalpesh S. Patel, Nilesh J. Patel and Jayant G. Talati 2017. Storage of fruits and vegetables in refrigerator increases their phenolic acids but decreases the total phenolics, anthocyanins and Vitamin C with subsequent loss of their antioxidant capacity. Antioxidants. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6030059
Morphological and molecular identification of pathogenic fungi of Monodora myristica Dunal kernels and their response to different phytoextracts
Joseph Djeugap Fovo, Cyril Akoula Nzong, Kyalo Martina, Patrick Njukeng Achiangia, Joseph Hubert Galani Yamdeu, Jules-Roger Kuiate and Sita Ghimire 2017. Morphological and molecular identification of pathogenic fungi of Monodora myristica Dunal kernels and their response to different phytoextracts. International Journal of Advance Agricultural Research. 2017 (5), pp. 66-75.
Acrylamide-forming potential of cereals, legumes and roots and tubers analyzed by UPLC-UV
Galani Yamdeu, J., Patel, N.J. and Talati, J. G. 2017. Acrylamide-forming potential of cereals, legumes and roots and tubers analyzed by UPLC-UV. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 108 (A), pp. 244-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.011
Antifungal potential of essential oils, aqueous and ethanol extracts of thirteen plants against Fusarium oxysporum f . sp Lycopersici and Phytophtora infestans (Mont.) de Bary as major tomato pathogens
Dakole, D. C., Nguefack, J., Dongmo, L. J. B., Galani Yamdeu, J., Aza, U. R.,, Somda, I. and Amvam, Z. P. 2016. Antifungal potential of essential oils, aqueous and ethanol extracts of thirteen plants against Fusarium oxysporum f . sp Lycopersici and Phytophtora infestans (Mont.) de Bary as major tomato pathogens. International Journal of Current Science. 19 (2), pp. 128-145.
Effect of storage temperature on carbohydrate metabolism and development of cold-induced sweetening in Indian potato ( Solanum Tuberosum L.) varieties
Joseph H. Galani Yamdeu, Pooja H. Gupta, Nilesh J. Patel, Avadh K. Shah and Jayant G. Talati 2016. Effect of storage temperature on carbohydrate metabolism and development of cold-induced sweetening in Indian potato ( Solanum Tuberosum L.) varieties. Journal of Food Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12190
Seed storage proteins as a protein marker for identification and characterization of QPM and normal maize inbred lines
Pooja H. Gupta, Yamedu Galani Joseph Hubert, Mounil C. Mankad and Jayant G. Talati 2015. Seed storage proteins as a protein marker for identification and characterization of QPM and normal maize inbred lines. Ecology, Environment and Conservation. 21 (4), pp. 1855-1864.
Molecular characterization of Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties for cold-induced sweetening using SSR markers
Galani Yamdeu Joseph Hubert, Pooja H. Gupta, Nilesh J. Patel, Avadh K. Shah, Rajeshkumar R. Acharya and Jayantkumar G. Talati 2015. Molecular characterization of Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties for cold-induced sweetening using SSR markers. Journal of Plant Sciences. 3 (4), pp. 191-196. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20150304.14
Profiling of StvacINV1, BAM1 and INH2α expressions in relation to acid invertase and β-Amylase activities during development of cold-induced sweetening in Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers
Joseph H. Galani Yamdeu, Pooja H. Gupta, Avadh K. Shah, Nilesh J. Patel and Jayantkumar G. Talati 2015. Profiling of StvacINV1, BAM1 and INH2α expressions in relation to acid invertase and β-Amylase activities during development of cold-induced sweetening in Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers. American Journal of Potato Research. 92, pp. 603-608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-015-9473-5
Antifungal potential of extracts from four plants against Acremonium apii and Colletotrichum dematium, two major pathogens of celery (Apium graveolens L.) in Cameroon
Petchayo, T. S.,, Nguefack, J., Galani Yamdeu, J., Fouelefack, F. R., Dakole, D. C., Fotio, D. and Amvam, Z. P. H. 2013. Antifungal potential of extracts from four plants against Acremonium apii and Colletotrichum dematium, two major pathogens of celery (Apium graveolens L.) in Cameroon. International Journal of Current Science. 8, pp. 115-124.
Antifungal potential and phytochemical analysis of extracts from seven Cameroonian plants against late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans
Galani Yamdeu Joseph Hubert, Nguefack Julienne, Dakole Daboy Charles, Fotio Daniel, Petchayo Tigang Sandrine, Fouelefack Francois Romain and Amvam ZolloPaul Henry 2013. Antifungal potential and phytochemical analysis of extracts from seven Cameroonian plants against late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans. 2 (5), pp. 140-154.
Antifungal potential of extracts from three plants against two major pathogens of celery (apium graveolens l.) in Cameroon
Ndonkeu Mangoumou Ghislaine, Nguefack Julienne, Galani Yamdeu Joseph Hubert, Petchayo Tigang Sandrine and Amvam Zollo Paul Henry 2013. Antifungal potential of extracts from three plants against two major pathogens of celery (apium graveolens l.) in Cameroon. International Journal of Current Research. 5 (12), pp. 4091-4096.