Field efficacy of aqueous extracts of Artemisia annua, Commelina benghalensis and Euphorbia hirta on rice growth, yield and brown spot disease incidence

Journal article

Djeugap, J.F., Mbatkam, B., Sonkoue, A.M., Dida, S.L., Galani Y.J.H, Mbi, C., Lapa, M. and Anchang, K.Y. 2023. Field efficacy of aqueous extracts of Artemisia annua, Commelina benghalensis and Euphorbia hirta on rice growth, yield and brown spot disease incidence. Agriculture and Natural Resources. 57 (3), p. 417–426. https://doi.org/10.34044/j.anres.2023.57.3.06
AuthorsDjeugap, J.F., Mbatkam, B., Sonkoue, A.M., Dida, S.L., Galani Y.J.H, Mbi, C., Lapa, M. and Anchang, K.Y.
Abstract

Importance of the work: Brown leaf spot disease is one of the major causes of yield losses in rice production in Cameroon.

Objectives: To evaluate the bioactivity of aqueous extracts of three Cameroonian medicinal plants on rice growth, yield and brown spot disease incidence.
Materials & Methods: Plant extracts were tested at two doses (1 kg/15 L and 2 kg/15 L sprayed), while water and Mancozeb were used as negative and positive controls, respectively, in a split plot design made up of two factors (variety and plant extract). The varieties were NERICA 8, NERICA L56, Long grain red rice and Toukbem.

Results: NERICAs 8 and L56 (exotic) and, Toukbem (local) varieties had the highest number of leaves and tillers while Toukbem had the highest plants and leaf area at 9 wk after transplanting. The numbers of leaves (31.3) and tillers (9.7) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in plants treated with Euphorbia hirta extract at 67 g/L compared to Artemesia annua and Commelina benghalensis extracts. Brown spot severity was lower with E. hirta at 134 g/L (30%) and not significantly different to Mancozeb (23.6%). The NERICA L56 × E. hirta interaction at 134 g/L had the highest yield (5.8 t/ha) compared to the NERICA L56 × Mancozeb (6.1 t/ha) interaction. Chemical analysis of the E. hirta aqueous extract showed the presence of known bioactive compounds.

Main finding: Field application of aqueous extract of E. hirta at 134 g/L could be used as a bioagent for rice brown spot management. The formulation of a natural product with this extract is necessary for large-scale field applications.

KeywordsBotanical fungicide; Brown spot disease; Euphorbia hirta; Oryza sativa; Yield
Year2023
JournalAgriculture and Natural Resources
Journal citation57 (3), p. 417–426
PublisherKasetsart University
ISSN2452-316X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.34044/j.anres.2023.57.3.06
Official URLhttps://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/anres/article/view/259713
Publication dates
Print11 Jul 2023
Publication process dates
Accepted03 May 2023
Deposited26 Jul 2023
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Open
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