The perceptions of general practice among Central and Eastern Europeans in the United Kingdom: A systematic scoping review

Journal article

Poppleton, A., Howells, K., Adeyemi, I., Chew‐Graham, C., Dikomitis, L. and Sanders, C. 2022. The perceptions of general practice among Central and Eastern Europeans in the United Kingdom: A systematic scoping review. Health Expectations. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13433
AuthorsPoppleton, A., Howells, K., Adeyemi, I., Chew‐Graham, C., Dikomitis, L. and Sanders, C.
Abstract

Background
Around 2 million people have migrated from Central and Eastern Europe to the UK since 2004. The UK Central and Eastern European Community (UK-CEE) are disproportionately exposed to the social determinants of poor physical and mental health. Their health and healthcare beliefs remain under-researched, particularly regarding primary care.

Objective
This review explores UK-CEE community members' use and perceptions of UK general practice.

Methods
A systematic search of nine bibliographic databases identified 2094 publications that fulfilled the search criteria. Grey literature searches identified 16 additional relevant publications. Screening by title and abstract identified 201 publications of relevance, decreasing to 65 after full-text screening. Publications were critically appraised, with data extracted and coded. Thematic analysis using constant comparison allowed generation of higher-order thematic constructs.

Results
Full UK-CEE national representation was achieved. Comparatively low levels of GP registration were described, with ability, desire and need to engage with GP services shaped by the interconnected nature of individual community members' cultural and sociodemographic factors. Difficulties overcoming access and in-consultation barriers are common, with health expectations frequently unmet. Distrust and dissatisfaction with general practice often persist, promoting alternative health-seeking approaches including transnational healthcare. Marginalized UK-CEE community subgroups including Roma, trafficked and homeless individuals have particularly poor GP engagement and outcomes. Limited data on the impact of Brexit and COVID-19 could be identified.

Conclusions
Review findings demonstrate the need for codesigned approaches to remove barriers to engagement, culturally adapt and develop trust in GP care for UK-CEE individuals.

Community Involvement
Community members and stakeholders shaped the conceptualisation of the review question and validation of emergent themes.

KeywordsGeneral Practice; GPs; Emigration ; Immigration; European Union; Delivery of healthcare
Year2022
JournalHealth Expectations
PublisherWiley
ISSN1369-6513
1369-7625
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13433
Official URLhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/hex.13433
FunderWellcome Trust
Publication dates
Online19 Jan 2022
Publication process dates
Accepted29 Dec 2021
Deposited31 Jan 2022
Publisher's version
License
Output statusPublished
Additional information

Wellcome Trust. Grant Number: 203921/Z/16/Z

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Khattak, Maria Ishaq, Dikomitis, Lisa, Khan, Muhammad Firaz, Haq, Mukhtar Ul, Saeed, Umaima, Awan, Naila Riaz, Haq, Zia Ul, Shepherd, Thomas, Mallen, Christian D and Farooq, S. 2022. Patients' and healthcare professionals' perspectives on a community-based intervention for schizophrenia in Pakistan: A focus group study. PLoS ONE. 17 (8), p. e0273286. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273286
The forgotten age phase of healthy lifestyle promotion? The call for targeted physical activity and nutrition education for older adolescents
Howells, K. 2022. The forgotten age phase of healthy lifestyle promotion? The call for targeted physical activity and nutrition education for older adolescents.
Early years assessment - English perspective
Howells, K. 2022. Early years assessment - English perspective.
The forgotten age phase of healthy lifestyle promotion
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2022. The forgotten age phase of healthy lifestyle promotion.
'Seeing clearly now.' Teacher preparation and continuing professional development for including children with visual impairment in physical education
Ablett, J. and Howells, K. 2022. 'Seeing clearly now.' Teacher preparation and continuing professional development for including children with visual impairment in physical education.
A physical education content analysis of the university primary education course offering
Jones, D. and Howells, K. 2022. A physical education content analysis of the university primary education course offering.
'Wheelie Good'! A novel approach to implementing wheels related activity AIESEP into elementary education through spiral curriculum progression
Murray, A. and Howells, K. 2022. 'Wheelie Good'! A novel approach to implementing wheels related activity AIESEP into elementary education through spiral curriculum progression.
Making a wave of difference in water awareness and competence through primary physical education teacher education
Murray, A. and Howells, K. 2022. Making a wave of difference in water awareness and competence through primary physical education teacher education.
Young children's actual and perceived physical activity levels within the primary school setting
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2022. Young children's actual and perceived physical activity levels within the primary school setting.
The forgotten age group: The need for targeted physical activity and healthy lifestyle promotion for older adolescents
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2022. The forgotten age group: The need for targeted physical activity and healthy lifestyle promotion for older adolescents. Universite du Luxembourg.
It’s come home, but will it stay home?
Howells, K. 2022. It’s come home, but will it stay home? Canterbury Christ Church University.
Making the impossible, possible. Lessons learnt to ensure embodied physical education teacher education within COVID-19 times and beyond, regardless of the learning medium
Howells, K., Murray, A., Pearson, J. and Whewell, E. 2022. Making the impossible, possible. Lessons learnt to ensure embodied physical education teacher education within COVID-19 times and beyond, regardless of the learning medium. Practice: Contemporary Issues in Practitioner Education. 4 (2), pp. 125-135. https://doi.org/10.1080/25783858.2022.2108332
Culture, migration, Brexit, and COVID-19: managing the mental health of patients from Central and Eastern Europe
Poppleton, Aaron, Saunders, Caroline, Chew-Graham, Carolyn A, Kingstone, Tom, Chudyk, Adrian and Dikomitis, Lisa 2022. Culture, migration, Brexit, and COVID-19: managing the mental health of patients from Central and Eastern Europe. The British Journal of General Practice : The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. 72 (720), pp. 308-309. https://doi.org/72/720/308
Placing Leishmaniasis in the limelight through the communicable disease surveillance system: An experience from Sri Lanka
Gunasekara, S., Nuwangi, H., Wickramasinghe, N., Weerakoon, Kosala, Price, H., Dikomitis, Lisa and Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika 2022. Placing Leishmaniasis in the limelight through the communicable disease surveillance system: An experience from Sri Lanka. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland). 11 (6), p. 680. https://doi.org/pathogens11060680
Burnout among primary health-care professionals in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
Wright, Tanya, Mughal, Faraz, Babatunde, Opeyemi O., Dikomitis, Lisa, Mallen, Christian D. and Helliwell, Toby 2022. Burnout among primary health-care professionals in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 100 (6), pp. 385-401A. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.22.288300
The forgotten age phase of healthy lifestyle promotion? A preliminary study to examine the potential call for targeted physical activity and nutrition education for older adolescents
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2022. The forgotten age phase of healthy lifestyle promotion? A preliminary study to examine the potential call for targeted physical activity and nutrition education for older adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19 (10), p. 5970. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105970
Primary pre-service teachers back in the physical education bubble
Randall, V., Pearson, J., Van Rossum, T., Howells, K. and Doe, V. 2022. Primary pre-service teachers back in the physical education bubble. British Educational Research Association (BERA).
The call to make PE core within Initial Teacher Education. A response to the House of Lords Committee report
Howells, K. 2022. The call to make PE core within Initial Teacher Education. A response to the House of Lords Committee report. Primary Physical Education Matters. 17 (1), pp. 12-13.
Chapter 13 - Placing an importance on health and physical activity
Howells, K. 2022. Chapter 13 - Placing an importance on health and physical activity . in: Griggs, G. and Randall, V. (ed.) An Introduction to Physical Education London Routledge. pp. 221-237
Community engagement in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis research in Brazil, Ethiopia, and Sri Lanka: A decolonial approach for global health.
Polidano, Kay, Parton, Linda, Agampodi, Suneth B, Agampodi, Thilini C, Haileselassie, Binega H, Lalani, Jayasundara M G, Mota, Clarice, Price, Helen P, Rodrigues, Steffane, Tafere, Getachew R, Trad, Leny A B, Zerihun, Zenawi and Dikomitis, Lisa 2022. Community engagement in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis research in Brazil, Ethiopia, and Sri Lanka: A decolonial approach for global health. Frontiers in Public Health. 10, p. 823844. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.823844
What does "good" community and public engagement look like? Developing relationships with community members in global health research
Hickey, Gary, Porter, Katie, Tembo, Doreen, Rennard, Una, Tholanah, Martha, Beresford, Peter, Chandler, David, Chimbari, Moses, Coldham, Tina, Dikomitis, Lisa, Dziro, Biggy, Ekiikina, Peter O, Khattak, Maria I, Montenegro, Cristian R, Mumba, Noni, Musesengwa, Rosemary, Nelson, Erica, Nhunzvi, Clement, Ramirez, Caroline M and Staniszewska, Sophie 2022. What does "good" community and public engagement look like? Developing relationships with community members in global health research. Frontiers in Public Health. 9, p. 776940. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.776940
Aqualusa Revista Lusofona de Desportos Aquaticos
Morgado, L, De Martelaer, K., D'Hondt, E., Barnett, L., Costa, A., Howells, K., Sääkslahti, A. and Jidovtseff, B. Aqualusa Revista Lusofona de Desportos Aquaticos. Aqualusa Revista Lusofona de Desportos Aquaticos.
The water song
Amanda's Action Club, Wheeler, Alison, Mama G and Howells, K. The water song. Spotify and itunes.
The complexities of emergent leadership using a whole school autonomy development physical education approach
Murray, A., Woods, G., Murray, P. and Howells, K. 2021. The complexities of emergent leadership using a whole school autonomy development physical education approach. NAKHE Virtual Conference (National Association for Kinesiology in Higher Education)
Developing student autonomy through and beyond developmentally appropriate resistance, an international comparison
Murray, A., Murray, P., Woods, G., Howells, K. and McKenna, J. Developing student autonomy through and beyond developmentally appropriate resistance, an international comparison. South Carolina, Virtual Conference
Cutaneous leishmaniasis and mental health: Exploring psychosocial impact and CL-associated stigma (the ECLIPSE programme)
Dikomitis, L., Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika, Machado, P., Mulugeta, Afework, Trad, Leny A. B. and Price, Helen 2021. Cutaneous leishmaniasis and mental health: Exploring psychosocial impact and CL-associated stigma (the ECLIPSE programme). Research Meeting and Webinar on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL): Research and development for neglected diseases and associated social issues. 49 (2), pp. 201-209.
Effective engagement and involvement with community stakeholders in the co-production of global health research
Doreen Tembo, Gary Hickey, Cristian Montenegro, David Chandler, Erica Nelson, Katie Porter, Lisa Dikomitis, Lisa Dikomitis, Mary Chambers, Moses Chimbari, Peter Beresford, Peter O Ekiikina, Rosemary Musesengwa, Sophie Staniszewska, Tina Coldham and Una Rennard 2021. Effective engagement and involvement with community stakeholders in the co-production of global health research. British Medical Journal (BMJ). 2021 (372), p. n178. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n178
Prevalence of osteoarthritis in lower middle- and low-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ismail Yahaya, Tanya Wright, Opeyemi O. Babatunde, Nadia Corp, Toby Helliwell, Lisa Dikomitis and Christian D. Mallen 2021. Prevalence of osteoarthritis in lower middle- and low-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatology International. 41, pp. 1221-1231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-04838-y
Experiences of general practice care for self-harm: A qualitative study of young people's perspectives
Mughal, F., Dikomitis, L., Babtunde, O.O. and Chew-Graham, C. A. 2021. Experiences of general practice care for self-harm: A qualitative study of young people's perspectives. British Journal of General Practice (BJGP). 71 (711), pp. 3744-e752. https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2021.0091
How medical students in the United Kingdom think: About anthropology, for example
Dikomitis, L. 2021. How medical students in the United Kingdom think: About anthropology, for example. in: Martinez, I. and Wiedman, D. W. (ed.) Anthropology in Medical Education: Sustaining Engagement and Impact Cham Springer. pp. 91-113
A real thirst?
Howells, Kristy and Musgrave, Jackie 2021. A real thirst? Nursery World. 2021 (3), pp. 34-34. https://doi.org/10.12968/nuwa.2021.3.34
‘Eyes wide open’ – Sharing ways in which to include visually impaired children within PE
Ablett, J. and Howells, K. 2021. ‘Eyes wide open’ – Sharing ways in which to include visually impaired children within PE.
The impact of the pandemic on children with disabilities
Howells, K. 2021. The impact of the pandemic on children with disabilities.
Seeing how to include visually impaired children. An exploration into Key Stage 2 teachers' confidence levels
Ablett, J. and Howells, K. 2021. Seeing how to include visually impaired children. An exploration into Key Stage 2 teachers' confidence levels. Physical Education Matters. 16 (3), pp. 28-30.
The COVID generation: a Mental health pandemic in the making. The impact on mental health of children and young people during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Clark, H., Royal, P., West, H., Cortina, M., Lubrano, M., Devalia, U., Howells, K., McManus, S., Hodgson, A., Foster, S., Musgrave, J., Salt, K., Rubenstein, B., Javor, A., Sigman, A., Bui, M., Lowther, J., Fisher, H.L., Danese, A., McGlone, F., Simpson, F., Abel, K., Milligan, L., Shenow, S., Day, K., Curtis, A., Coleman, N., Ardelean, A., Smith, K., Russell, W., Hunter, L., John, A., Brinton, H., Ford, T., Whewell, E., Smith, S., Creswell, C., Murray, A., Murray, P. and Hutchinson, C. 2021. The COVID generation: a Mental health pandemic in the making. The impact on mental health of children and young people during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. London All Party Parliamentary Group on a Fit and Healthy Childhood.
The health and wellbeing of children in the early years
Clark, H., Revel, E., Royal, P., Wright, P., Teakle, A., Mcilwrath, B., Bradshaw, B., Purvey C.,, Mcleod, C., Williams, C., Norman, A., Murray, A., Fitzgerald, D., Mackay, E., Musgrave, J., Peckham, K, Howells, K., Pagden L., Murray, P., Blandford, S., Veck, W., Garnett, H., Harland, J., Barlow, J., Wharton, J., James, K., Hunter Blair, M., Greally, M., Calder, N., McGlone, F., Godfrey, K., Beswick, T. and Veal, V. 2021. The health and wellbeing of children in the early years. London All Party Parliamentary Group and Children's Alliance.
Differences between young children's actual, self-perceived and parent-perceived aquatic skills
D'Hondt, E., Bulens, L., Barnett, L., Howells, K., Saakslahti, A., Costa, A.M., Jidovtseff, B., Mertens, L. and De Martelaer, K. 2021. Differences between young children's actual, self-perceived and parent-perceived aquatic skills. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 128 (5), pp. 1905-1931. https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125211017864
The things we think and do not say - the future of physical education and sport
Howells, K. 2021. The things we think and do not say - the future of physical education and sport. Scottish Assocation of Teachers of Physical Education Journal. 10, p. 7.
Sport and physical activity during the first 10 years of life in Ireland and the UK
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2021. Sport and physical activity during the first 10 years of life in Ireland and the UK. in: Bailey, R., Agans, J.P., Côté, J., Daly-Smith, A. and Tomporowski, P.D. (ed.) Physical activity and sport during the first ten years of life. Multidisplinary Perspectives Oxen Routledge. pp. 235-246
Children's perceived and actual physical activity levels within the elementary school setting
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2021. Children's perceived and actual physical activity levels within the elementary school setting. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18 (7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073485
Preliminary face validation of the pictorial scale of perceived aquatic competence
Morgado, L, Jidovtseff, B, Sääkslahti, A, Howells, K., Barnett, L, de Martelaer, K, D'Hondt and Costa, A. M 2021. Preliminary face validation of the pictorial scale of perceived aquatic competence. Vol. 17 No. S1 (2021): Proceedings of the XLIII Technical and Scientific Congress of the Portuguese Association of Swimming Technicians. https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.23716
Health education, what does it mean?
Howells, K. 2021. Health education, what does it mean? in: Peters, M. A. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Teacher Education: Living Edition Singapore Springer.
An international comparison and analysis of sport and physical activity during first 10 years of life in UK and Ireland
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2020. An international comparison and analysis of sport and physical activity during first 10 years of life in UK and Ireland. South Carolina USA Virtual Conference
AIESEP connect 3 early years
Howells, K. and Sääkslahti, A. 2020. AIESEP connect 3 early years .
Patients' perspectives on flares in knee osteoarthritis: a qualitative study
Parry, E., Dikomitis, L., Peat, G. and Chew-Graham, C. 2020. Patients' perspectives on flares in knee osteoarthritis: a qualitative study. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. 28 (S1), p. S392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.611
Role of the GP in the management of patients with self-harm behaviour: A systematic review
Dikomitis, L., Faraz Mughal, M. Isabela Troya, Lisa Dikomitis, Carolyn A. Chew-Graham, Nadia Corp and Opeyemi O Babatunde 2020. Role of the GP in the management of patients with self-harm behaviour: A systematic review. British Journal of General Practice (BJGP). 70 (694), pp. e364-e373. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20X708257
Development and evaluation of a screening tool to aid the diagnosis of a cluster headache
Alina Buture, Jason W. Boland, Lisa Dikomitis, Chao Huang and Fayyaz Ahmed 2020. Development and evaluation of a screening tool to aid the diagnosis of a cluster headache. Brain Sciences. 10 (2), p. 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10020077
Supervised treatment in outpatients for schizophrenia plus (STOPS+): protocol for a cluster randomised trial of a community-based intervention to improve treatment adherence and reduce the treatment gap for schizophrenia in Pakistan
Thomas Andrew Shepherd, Zia Ul-Haq, Mian Ul-Haq, Muhammad Firaz Khan, Adil Afridi, Lisa Dikomitis, Michelle E Robinson, Martyn Lewis, Atif Rahman, Krysia Dziedzic, Umaima Saeed, Naila Riaz Awan, Christian Mallen and Saeed Farooq 2020. Supervised treatment in outpatients for schizophrenia plus (STOPS+): protocol for a cluster randomised trial of a community-based intervention to improve treatment adherence and reduce the treatment gap for schizophrenia in Pakistan. BMJ Open. 2020 (10), p. e034709. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034709
Perceptions, experiences, and understandings of cluster headache among GPs and neurologists: a qualitative study
Alina Buture, Fayyaz Ahmed, Yachna Mehta, Koen Paemeleire, Peter J Goadsby and Lisa Dikomitis 2020. Perceptions, experiences, and understandings of cluster headache among GPs and neurologists: a qualitative study. British Journal of General Practice (BJGP). 70 (696), pp. e514-e522. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20X710417
Guidelines for the use of diagnostic imaging in musculoskeletal pain conditions affecting the lower back, knee and shoulder: A scoping review
Andrew Cuff, Stephen Parton, Robert Tyer, Lisa Dikomitis, Nadine Foster and Chris Littlewood 2020. Guidelines for the use of diagnostic imaging in musculoskeletal pain conditions affecting the lower back, knee and shoulder: A scoping review. Musculoskeletal Care. 18 (4), p. 5460554. https://doi.org/10.1002/msc.1497
Rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair: A multi-centre pilot & feasibility randomised controlled trial (RaCeR)
Chris Littlewood, Marcus Bateman, Stephanie Butler-Walley, Sarah Bathers, Kieran Bromley, Martyn Lewis, Lennard Funk, Jean Denton, Maria Moffatt, Rachel Winstanley, Saurabh Mehta, Gareth Stephens, Lisa Dikomitis and Nadine E Foster 2020. Rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair: A multi-centre pilot & feasibility randomised controlled trial (RaCeR). Clinical Rehabilitation. 35 (6), pp. 829-836. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215520978859
Rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair: A nested qualitative study exploring the perceptions and experiences of participants in a randomised controlled trial
Stephens, G., Littlewood, C., Foster, N. E. and Dikomitis, L. 2020. Rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair: A nested qualitative study exploring the perceptions and experiences of participants in a randomised controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 35 (6), pp. 911-919. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215520984025
The politics of restoring religious sites and cemeteries in the north of Cyprus: an ethnography among Greek Cypriot refugees
Dikomitis, L. and Argyrou, V. 2020. The politics of restoring religious sites and cemeteries in the north of Cyprus: an ethnography among Greek Cypriot refugees. in: Kruse, T., Faustmann, H. and Rogge, S. (ed.) When the Cemetery Becomes Political - Dealing with the Religious Heritage in Multi-Ethnic Regions Munich and New York University of Münster.
The influence of siblings on young children's understanding of fluid intake
Williamson, J. and Howells, K. 2020. The influence of siblings on young children's understanding of fluid intake . International Journal of Nutrition. 6 (3), pp. 13-20. https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-21-3709
Pictorial scale of perceived water competence (PSPWC) testing manual Version 1.2
Morgado, L. D. S, De Martelaer, K., D’Hondt, E., Barnett, L. M., Costa, A. M., Howells, K., Sääkslahti, A. and Jidovtseff, B. 2020. Pictorial scale of perceived water competence (PSPWC) testing manual Version 1.2. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.36152.57601/1
'In the wake of a pandemic': dietary patterns and impact on child health after COVID-19
Clark, H., Royal, P., West, H., Kelly, T., Roper, H., Howells, K., Devalia, U., Mackay, E., Holt, A., Bradshaw, B., Driscoll, M., Williamson, D., Tricks, T., Newnham, P., Noonan-Gunning, S., Giordani, P., Lewis, K., Swann, J., Mist, P. and Bowyer, S. 2020. 'In the wake of a pandemic': dietary patterns and impact on child health after COVID-19. All Party Parliamentary Group on a Fit and Healthy Childhood: London
Emerging dietary patterns: impact on child health
Clark, H., Royal, P., West, H., Kelly, T., Derbyshire, E., Albon, D., Howells, K., Smith, S., Devalia, U., Wilkinson, S., Harris, J., Holt, A., Bradshaw, B and Cripps, L. 2020. Emerging dietary patterns: impact on child health. All Party Parliamentary Group on a Fit and Healthy Childhood: London
Mentoring for physical education
Howells, K. 2020. Mentoring for physical education. in: Mentoring Teachers in the Primary School. A Practical Guide Abingdon Routledge, Taylor and Francis. pp. 171-189
Continuing to provide the education in physical education - experiences of the Physical Education Teacher Education Network
Howells, K. 2020. Continuing to provide the education in physical education - experiences of the Physical Education Teacher Education Network. Physical Education Matters. AUT20, pp. 89-93.
Teachers' perceptions and understanding of children's fluid intake
Howells, K. and Coppinger, T. 2020. Teachers' perceptions and understanding of children's fluid intake. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17 (11), p. 4050. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114050
UK Perspectives: physical education teacher education
Howells, K. 2020. UK Perspectives: physical education teacher education . in: Bobrik, M, Antala, B. and Pelucha, R. (ed.) Physical education in universities: researches - best practices - situation Bratislava Federation Internationale D'Education Physique. pp. 379-390
Pictorial scale of perceived water competence (PSPWC) testing manual
Morgado, L.D.S., De Martelaer, K., D'Hondt, E., Barnett, L.M., Costa, A.M., Howells, K., Sääkslahti, A. and Jidovtseff, B. 2020. Pictorial scale of perceived water competence (PSPWC) testing manual. Belgium University of Liege.
Healthy families: the present and future role of the supermarket
All Party Parliamentary Group on a Fit and Healthy Childhood, Clark, H., Royal, P., West, H., Clothier, S., Smith, S., Chui, B., Howells, K., Hodgson, C., Porter, L., Albon, D., Bagnall, P., Mackay, E., Aagaard, P., Nguyen, A., Bradshaw, B. and Holt, A. 2020. Healthy families: the present and future role of the supermarket. Royal Public Affairs.
Helping children find their inner brave!
Howells, K. 2020. Helping children find their inner brave! Canterbury Christ Church University.
Young children's understanding of fluid intake
Williamson, J. and Howells, K. 2019. Young children's understanding of fluid intake. International Journal of Nutrition. 4 (4), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-19-3006
Physical activity recommendations for early childhood: an international analysis of ten different countries’ current national physical activity policies and practices for those under the age of 5
Howells, K. and Sääkslahti, A. 2019. Physical activity recommendations for early childhood: an international analysis of ten different countries’ current national physical activity policies and practices for those under the age of 5. in: Physical Education in Early Childhood Education and Care. Researches - Best Practices - Situation Bratislava Federation Internationale D'Education Physique.
Understanding and perceived fluid intake of children in England and Ireland
Coppinger, T. and Howells, K. 2019. Understanding and perceived fluid intake of children in England and Ireland.
A case study of how daily physical activity initiatives of occupational therapy were used to help physical movements for a child with dyspraxia
Power, L. and Howells, K. 2019. A case study of how daily physical activity initiatives of occupational therapy were used to help physical movements for a child with dyspraxia.
The complexity of young children's physical education
Howells, K. and Jess, M. 2019. The complexity of young children's physical education.
4 and 5 year olds' understanding of fluid intake within England
Williamson, J. and Howells, K. 2019. 4 and 5 year olds' understanding of fluid intake within England.
The A, B, Cs of physical activity, play and motor learning
Howells, K., Sääkslahti, A., Jidovtseff, B. and Fjørtoft, I. 2019. The A, B, Cs of physical activity, play and motor learning. Early Years Special Interest Group Symposium within AIESEP (International Association of Physical Education in Higher Education) International Conference Building Bridges for Physical Activity and Sport. New York 19 - 22 Jun 2019
#Greatcoaching within sport
Howells, K., Gubby, L., Dray, K. and Mills, H. 2019. #Greatcoaching within sport. Expert Comments
International comparison of children’s knowledge, barriers and reported fluid intake across the school day.
Coppinger, T. and Howells, K. 2019. International comparison of children’s knowledge, barriers and reported fluid intake across the school day. International Journal of Nutrition. 4 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-19-904
#BalanceforBetter within sport
Howells, K., Gubby, L., Dray, K. and Mills, H. 2019. #BalanceforBetter within sport. CCCU website Media Department.
Iron girl – patronising or inclusive?
Howells, K. and Gubby, L. 2019. Iron girl – patronising or inclusive? CCCU website Canterbury Christ Church University.
Understanding self-harm in older adults: a qualitative study
M. Isabela Troya, Lisa Dikomitis, Opeyemi O. Babatunde, Bernadette Bartlam and Carolyn A. Chew-Graham 2019. Understanding self-harm in older adults: a qualitative study. eClinicalMedicine. 12, pp. 52-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.06.002
Self-harm in older adults: Systematic review
M. Isabela Troya, Opeyemi Babatunde, Kay Polidano, Bernadette Bartlam, McCloskey, E., Lisa Dikomitis and Carolyn A. Chew-Graham 2019. Self-harm in older adults: Systematic review. British Journal of Psychology. 214 (4), pp. 186-200. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.11
Self-harm in young people: the exceptional potential of the general practice consultation
Faraz Mughal, Opeyemi Babatunde, Lisa Dikomitis, Judith Shaw, Ellen Townsend, M. Isabela Troya and Carolyn A. Chew-Graham 2019. Self-harm in young people: the exceptional potential of the general practice consultation. British Journal of General Practice (BJGP). 69 (681), pp. 168-169. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19X701393
Patient and public involvement and engagement in a doctoral research project exploring self-harm in older adults
M. Isabela Troya, Carolyn A. Chew-Graham, Opeyemi Babatunde, Bernadette Bartlam, Adele Higginbottom and Lisa Dikomitis 2019. Patient and public involvement and engagement in a doctoral research project exploring self-harm in older adults. Health Expectations. 22 (4), pp. 617-631. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12917
Protocol for a multi-centre pilot and feasibility randomised controlled trial with a nested qualitative study: rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair (the RaCeR study)
Chris Littlewood, Marcus Bateman, Kendra Cooke, Susie Hennnings, Tina Cookson, Kieran Bromley, Martyn Lewis, Lennard Funk, Jean Denton, Maria Moffatt, Rachel Winstanley, Saurabh Mehta, Gareth Stephens, Lisa Dikomitis, Linda Chesterton and Nadine E. Foster 2019. Protocol for a multi-centre pilot and feasibility randomised controlled trial with a nested qualitative study: rehabilitation following rotator cuff repair (the RaCeR study). Trials. 20 (328). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3407-3
Exploring differences in individual and group judgements in standard setting
Peter Yeates, Natalie Cope, Eva Luksaite, Andrew Hassell and Lisa Dikomitis 2019. Exploring differences in individual and group judgements in standard setting. Medical Education. 53 (9), pp. 941-962. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13915
Images depicting headache pain – a tool to aid the diagnosis of cluster headache: a pilot study
Dikomitis, L. 2019. Images depicting headache pain – a tool to aid the diagnosis of cluster headache: a pilot study. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2019 (12), pp. 691-698. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S207128
Mental health through movement
Clark, H., Royal, P., West, H., Randall, V., Silk, M., Patnaik, A., Shahid, S., Yelling, M., Coleman, N., Wright, C., Kay, S., Bagnall, P., Sigman, A., Adams, S., Albon, D., Murray, A., Murray, P., Hodgson, A., Hill, R., Whewell, E., Palmer, G., Lee, D., Javor, A., Lubrano, M., Salt, K., Lochrie, P., Thomas, J., Jephcott, M., Norman, A., Manners, L., Pearson, J., Murray, J. and Howells, K. 2019. Mental health through movement . London All Party Parliamentary Group.
OECD future of education 2030: making physical education dynamic and inclusive for 2030 international curriculum analysis
Howells, K. 2019. OECD future of education 2030: making physical education dynamic and inclusive for 2030 international curriculum analysis. Paris OECD.
The adoption of daily mile as an active mile initiative: the children’s and teachers’ voices
Howells, K., Bowen, J., Mannion, K. and McMartin, C. 2019. The adoption of daily mile as an active mile initiative: the children’s and teachers’ voices. Physical Education Matters. Autumn 2019, pp. 37-39.
Exploring the use of e-portfolios in higher education coaching programs
Dray, K. and Howells, K. 2019. Exploring the use of e-portfolios in higher education coaching programs. International Sport Coaching Journal. 6 (3), pp. 359-365. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2018-0082
Supporting children inside and out with physical activity
Howells, K. 2019. Supporting children inside and out with physical activity. CCCU Media Pages Canterbury Christ Church University.
Beyond Jonny’s story: a whole class physical activity intervention
Howells, K. 2018. Beyond Jonny’s story: a whole class physical activity intervention.
How physically active are boys and girls are during playtimes in primary school?
Howells, K. 2018. How physically active are boys and girls are during playtimes in primary school?
Castle’s competition model for building confidence and competence in action
Castle, N., Howells, K. and Gubby, L. 2018. Castle’s competition model for building confidence and competence in action.
‘Elite athlete to disabled athlete to adaptive athlete. ’how coaches and teachers can help support the road to recovery
Howells, K. 2018. ‘Elite athlete to disabled athlete to adaptive athlete. ’how coaches and teachers can help support the road to recovery.
'Drive to drink!'
Coppinger, T. and Howells, K. 2018. 'Drive to drink!'.
The impact of wellbeing on the physical activities of occupational therapy (OT) for a child with dyspraxia
Power, L., Howells, K. and Gubby, L. 2018. The impact of wellbeing on the physical activities of occupational therapy (OT) for a child with dyspraxia.
Are you ready? physical readiness is there a mismatch in understanding and knowledge?
Howells, K. 2018. Are you ready? physical readiness is there a mismatch in understanding and knowledge?
Early years symposium: physical readiness and physical curiosity
Howells, K. 2018. Early years symposium: physical readiness and physical curiosity. AIESEP (International Association of Colleges of Physical Education) World Congress. Edinburgh Jul 2018
The future of education and skills: education 2030: the future we want
Howells, K. 2018. The future of education and skills: education 2030: the future we want. Paris OECD.
In search of the feeling of ‘belonging’ in Higher Education: undergraduate students transition into Higher Education
Meehan, C. and Howells, K. 2018. In search of the feeling of ‘belonging’ in Higher Education: undergraduate students transition into Higher Education. Journal of Further and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2018.1490702
What is the impact of wellbeing on the physical activities of occupational therapy for a child with dyspraxia?
Power, L., Howells, K. and Gubby, L. 2017. What is the impact of wellbeing on the physical activities of occupational therapy for a child with dyspraxia?
What’s even possible? how physical active are our 21st century children?
Howells, K. 2016. What’s even possible? how physical active are our 21st century children?
What’s even possible? how physical active are our 21st century children? (AIESEP)
Howells, K. 2016. What’s even possible? how physical active are our 21st century children? (AIESEP).
Physical activity and self-esteem. Jonny's story (AIESEP)
Howells, K. and Bowen, J. 2016. Physical activity and self-esteem. Jonny's story (AIESEP).
Physical development, health and well-being. AIESEP
Howells, K. 2016. Physical development, health and well-being. AIESEP.
Physical development, health and well-being.
Howells, K. 2016. Physical development, health and well-being.
Physical activity and self esteem, Jonny's story
Howells, K. and Bowen, J. 2016. Physical activity and self esteem, Jonny's story.
Walk it, like you talk it.
Howells, K. and Meehan, C. 2016. Walk it, like you talk it.
Can break times (recess) help children's physical activity levels?
Howells, K. 2017. Can break times (recess) help children's physical activity levels?
What is being healthy within UK primary school setting?
Howells, K. 2017. What is being healthy within UK primary school setting?
Using basic biomechanics to support observation, assessment and progression of learning
Howells, K. 2017. Using basic biomechanics to support observation, assessment and progression of learning. CIAPSE2 – Children’s Physical Activity and Sport. University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä 26 - 28 Jan 2017
Beyond Jonny's story
Howells, K. and Bowen, J. 2017. Beyond Jonny's story.
The opportunities and challenges for teachers to consider how physically active boys and girls are during recess in elementary school
Howells, K. 2017. The opportunities and challenges for teachers to consider how physically active boys and girls are during recess in elementary school.
'Becoming' a disabled athlete
Howells, K. 2017. 'Becoming' a disabled athlete.
Images depicting pain: a screening tool for cluster headache
Buture, A., Dikomitis, L., Boland, L. and Ahmed, F. 2018. Images depicting pain: a screening tool for cluster headache. Cephalalgia. 38 (Supp 1), pp. 114-115. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102418789865
Delays in the diagnosis and misdiagnosis of cluster headache – a systematic literature review
Buture, A., Boland, J. W., Dikomitis, L. and Ahmed, F. 2018. Delays in the diagnosis and misdiagnosis of cluster headache – a systematic literature review. Cephalalgia. 38 (Supp 1), pp. MTIS2018-145.
Systematic literature review on the delays in the diagnosis and misdiagnosis of cluster headache
Buture, A., Boland, J. W., Dikomitis, L. and Ahmed, F. 2018. Systematic literature review on the delays in the diagnosis and misdiagnosis of cluster headache. Neurological Sciences. 40, pp. 25-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-018-3598-5
Young children’s physical activity levels in primary (elementary) schools: what impact does physical education lessons have for young children?
Howells, K., Wellard, I. and Woolf-May, K. 2018. Young children’s physical activity levels in primary (elementary) schools: what impact does physical education lessons have for young children? Early Child Development and Care. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2018.1490899
We need more female role models in sport to inspire the next generation
Howells, K., Gubby, L., Dray, K. and Mills, H. 2018. We need more female role models in sport to inspire the next generation. Canterbury Christ Church University.
Chapter 14 - planning physical education in the national curriculum
Howells, K. 2018. Chapter 14 - planning physical education in the national curriculum. in: Sewell, K. (ed.) Planning the Primary National Curriculum A complete guide for trainees and teachers,Second Edition (Revised and Updated Edition) London SAGE. pp. 266-280
Physical activity and mental health of school-aged children andadolescents: A rapid review
Bailey, R., Howells, K. and Glibo, I. 2018. Physical activity and mental health of school-aged children andadolescents: A rapid review. International Journal of Physical Education. LV (1), pp. 1-14.
Mastering primary physical education
Howells, K., Carney, A., Castle, N. and Little, R. 2017. Mastering primary physical education. London Bloomsbury.
Supporting physical development, health and well-being through the use of outdoor environments
Howells, K. 2016. Supporting physical development, health and well-being through the use of outdoor environments. in: Ritchie, C. (ed.) Exploring Children's Learning 3 - 11 Routledge.
Benefits of swimming for young children
Howells, K. and Jarman, D. 2016. Benefits of swimming for young children. Physical Education Matters. 11 (3), pp. 20-21.
Walking the talk? Teachers’ and early years’ practitioners’ perceptions and confidence in delivering the UK Physical Activity Guidelines within the curriculum for young children
Howells, K. and Meehan, C. 2017. Walking the talk? Teachers’ and early years’ practitioners’ perceptions and confidence in delivering the UK Physical Activity Guidelines within the curriculum for young children. Early Child Development and Care. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2017.1299146
Visual images: an additional tool for the screening of cluster headache
Buture, A., Dikomitis, L., Boland, J. W. and Ahmed, F. 2017. Visual images: an additional tool for the screening of cluster headache. Cephalalgia. 37, p. 219.
So looking at this, you look like you've got some issues going on with your joints: Exploring case-finding in long-tern condition review consultations - the ENHANCE pilot trial
Liddle, J., Chew-Graham, C. A., Mallen, C. D., Healey, E. L., Jinks, C. and Dikomitis, L. 2017. So looking at this, you look like you've got some issues going on with your joints: Exploring case-finding in long-tern condition review consultations - the ENHANCE pilot trial. Rheumatology. 56 (IS 2). https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kex062.181
What really matters to freshers? An evaluation of first year student experience of transition into university
Meehan, C. and Howells, K. 2017. What really matters to freshers? An evaluation of first year student experience of transition into university. Journal of Further and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2017.1323194
How learning in sport and sporting communities can be applied to online and blended learning and teaching in H.E.
Howells, K. 2016. How learning in sport and sporting communities can be applied to online and blended learning and teaching in H.E.
Walking the talk? Thinking and acting - teachers’ and practitioners’ perceptions about physical activity, health and well-being, Do they ‘walk the talk’
Howells, K. and Meehan, C. 2015. Walking the talk? Thinking and acting - teachers’ and practitioners’ perceptions about physical activity, health and well-being, Do they ‘walk the talk’.
Walking the talk? Thinking and acting – teachers' and practitioners' perceptions about physical activity, health and well-being, Do they 'walk the talk'?
Howells, K. and Meehan, C. 2015. Walking the talk? Thinking and acting – teachers' and practitioners' perceptions about physical activity, health and well-being, Do they 'walk the talk'? International Journal of Sport and Exercise Sciences. 2 (5), pp. 125-125.
Chapter 7 – An introduction to physical education
Howells, K. 2015. Chapter 7 – An introduction to physical education. in: Driscoll, P., Lambirth, A. and Roden, J. (ed.) The Primary Curriculum: A Creative Approach London SAGE. pp. 137-155
Physical education planning
Howells, K. 2015. Physical education planning. in: Sewell, K. (ed.) Planning the Primary National Curriculum: A complete guide for trainees and teachers London SAGE. pp. 262-276
'"The man who closed the asylums": Franco Basaglia and the revolution in mental health care', by John Foot (Verso, 2015)
Dikomitis, L. 2016. '"The man who closed the asylums": Franco Basaglia and the revolution in mental health care', by John Foot (Verso, 2015). Durham University Institute for Medical Humanities.
How do clinicians think about cluster headache
Dikomitis, L., Paemeleire, K., Goadsby, P. J. and Ahmed, F. 2016. How do clinicians think about cluster headache. Cephalalgia. 36 (S 1).
Developing a diagnostic tool for the early diagnosis of cluster headache
Buture, A., Dikomitis, L. and Ahmed, F. 2016. Developing a diagnostic tool for the early diagnosis of cluster headache. Cephalalgia.
Physical activity and self-esteem: ‘Jonny’s story’
Howells, K. and Bowen, J. 2016. Physical activity and self-esteem: ‘Jonny’s story’. Education 3-13: International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2016.1171572
Perceptions, understandings and experiences of cluster headache patients in the north of England: a qualitative study
Dikomitis, L., Quarshie, V., Paemeleire, K., Goadsby, P. J. and Ahmed, F. 2015. Perceptions, understandings and experiences of cluster headache patients in the north of England: a qualitative study. Cephalalgia. 25 (S6).
Can break times help children's physical activity?
Howells, K. 2015. Can break times help children's physical activity? in: Sangster, M. (ed.) Challenging Perceptions in Primary Education: Exploring Issues in Practice Bloomsbury.
Experiences of blended learning and support mechanisms
Howells, K. 2014. Experiences of blended learning and support mechanisms. Blended Learning: The Thoughtful Fusion of Face to Face and Online Learning Experiences. Faculty of Health and Social Care
Experiences of blended learning
Howells, K. 2014. Experiences of blended learning. Approaches to Feedback and Blended Learning.
Responsible citizens who make a positive contribution to society
Howells, K. 2007. Responsible citizens who make a positive contribution to society.
The use of technology in recording physical activity levels of primary aged children
Howells, K. 2012. The use of technology in recording physical activity levels of primary aged children.
The effect of hemparesis on sitting to standing
Howells, K. 2004. The effect of hemparesis on sitting to standing. Masters Thesis University of Birmingham Health Sciences
[Review of] The Past in Pieces: Belonging in the New Cyprus, by Rebecca Bryant. Contemporary Ethnography series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010. 224 pp.
Dikomitis, L. 2014. [Review of] The Past in Pieces: Belonging in the New Cyprus, by Rebecca Bryant. Contemporary Ethnography series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010. 224 pp. American Anthropologist. 116 (1), pp. 194-195. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.12085_9
Perceptions and experiences of cluster headache among patients, general practitioners and neurologists in the north of england: A qualitative study
Ahmed, F., Dikomitis, L., Zafar, H. W., Goadsby, P. and Paemeliere, P. 2014. Perceptions and experiences of cluster headache among patients, general practitioners and neurologists in the north of england: A qualitative study. Journal of Headache and Pain. 15 (S1).
The contribution of the primary school setting and physical education lessons to children's physical activity levels
Howells, K. 2014. The contribution of the primary school setting and physical education lessons to children's physical activity levels. PhD Thesis Canterbury Christ Church University Faculty of Education
Science in physical education or physical education in science
Howells, K. 2010. Science in physical education or physical education in science. We're Going on a Bear Hunt. East Sussex May 2010
Initial teacher education in the South East. Opportunities and challenges for enhancing public health content
Howells, K. 2008. Initial teacher education in the South East. Opportunities and challenges for enhancing public health content.
Primary school pilot case study on physical education’s contribution to physical activity levels
Howells, K. 2009. Primary school pilot case study on physical education’s contribution to physical activity levels.
The contribution of physical education lessons to physical activity levels of primary aged children
Howells, K. 2011. The contribution of physical education lessons to physical activity levels of primary aged children.
Using technologies to support in physical education lessons: primary education trainee teachers' views
Howells, K. 2011. Using technologies to support in physical education lessons: primary education trainee teachers' views.
Physical activity levels of infant and junior school children. Do physical education lessons contribute to physical activity levels?
Howells, K. 2011. Physical activity levels of infant and junior school children. Do physical education lessons contribute to physical activity levels?
What happens in physical education of primary aged children?
Howells, K. 2012. What happens in physical education of primary aged children?
What happens in physical education of primary aged children?
Howells, K. 2012. What happens in physical education of primary aged children?
Beyond the fridge freezer
Howells, K. 2013. Beyond the fridge freezer.
Do physical education lessons increase physical activity levels of primary aged children? - Preliminary findings
Howells, K., Wellard, I. and Woolf-May, K. 2009. Do physical education lessons increase physical activity levels of primary aged children? - Preliminary findings. in: MacPhail, A. and Young, A. (ed.) Promoting Physical Education Across Schools and Communities. Proceedings of the Fourth Physical Education, Physical Activity and Youth Sport Forum Limerick University of Limerick. pp. 23-31
Do physical education lessons contribute to children's physical activity levels?
Howells, K., Wellard, I. and Woolf-May, K. 2010. Do physical education lessons contribute to children's physical activity levels? in: Enright, E. and Tindall, D. (ed.) A Shared Vision for Physical Education, Physical Activity and Youth Sport. Proceedings of the Fifth Physical Education, Physical Activity and Youth Sport Forum Limerick University of Limerick. pp. 46-53
A critical reflection of the opportunities and challenges of integrating the every child Matters (ECM) agenda into teaching physical education (PE)
Howells, K. 2007. A critical reflection of the opportunities and challenges of integrating the every child Matters (ECM) agenda into teaching physical education (PE). Primary Physical Education Matters. 2 (1), pp. ii-iii.
CPOW! The superhero method for inspiring learning in literacy
Howells, K. and Sweatman, D. 2010. CPOW! The superhero method for inspiring learning in literacy. Literacy Today.
Are boys more physically active than girls during a primary school day?
Howells, K., Caple, A. and Jones, M. 2010. Are boys more physically active than girls during a primary school day? Primary Physical Education Matters. 5 (3), pp. xvii-xix.
An introduction to physical education
Howells, K. 2012. An introduction to physical education. in: Driscoll, P., Roden, J. and Lambirth, A. (ed.) The Primary Curriculum: A Creative Approach London SAGE. pp. 118-136
Placing an importance on health and physical activity
Howells, K. 2012. Placing an importance on health and physical activity. in: Griggs, G. (ed.) An Introducation to Primary Physical Education London Routledge. pp. 207-220
The use of technology in promoting physical activity of primary aged children
Howells, K. 2012. The use of technology in promoting physical activity of primary aged children.
Using accelerometers and Qwizdom to measure the physical activity levels of primary aged children
Howells, K. 2012. Using accelerometers and Qwizdom to measure the physical activity levels of primary aged children.
Is physical education more than just being physically active?
Howells, K. 2012. Is physical education more than just being physically active? in: Sangster, M. (ed.) Developing Teacher Expertise: Exploring Key Issues in Primary Practice London Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 78-82
Ensuring all children - including a child with ADHD - can access physical education
Howells, K. and Barton, K. 2012. Ensuring all children - including a child with ADHD - can access physical education. Primary Physical Education Matters. 7 (3), pp. 57-59.
Patients perceptions of the causes of migraine in Flanders (Belgium): A qualitative study
Dikomitis, L., Bonte, M., Willems, S. and Paemeleire, K. 2013. Patients perceptions of the causes of migraine in Flanders (Belgium): A qualitative study. Cephalalgia. 33 (S 8), p. 198. https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102413490487
Primary school case study on physical education's contribution to physical activity levels
Howells, K., Wellard, I. and Woolf-May, K. 2009. Primary school case study on physical education's contribution to physical activity levels.
Primary school case study on physical education's contribution to physical activity levels
Howells, K., Wellard, I. and Woolf-May, K. 2009. Primary school case study on physical education's contribution to physical activity levels.
Defining the specialist teacher of primary physical education
Carney, P. and Howells, K. 2008. Defining the specialist teacher of primary physical education. Primary Physical Education Matters. 3 (3), pp. iii-iv.