An analysis of the global symbology of Soviet military city plans

Journal article

Davis, M. and Kent, A. 2021. An analysis of the global symbology of Soviet military city plans. The Cartographic Journal. 59 (4), pp. 315-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2021.1958193
AuthorsDavis, M. and Kent, A.
Abstract

Soviet military maps utilized a comprehensive cartographic symbology that was designed for mapping the globe at various scales, including thousands of towns and cities in street-level detail. This paper presents an analysis of the Soviet symbol specifications, as defined by the official cartographic production documents, and aims to offer some insights into how the challenges of mapping a global diversity of urban and natural environments were addressed. A further stage of the analysis examines a sample of 19 Soviet military city plans to evaluate the implementation of the official symbology specified in the production documents. This finds that barely half of this symbology was utilized and that new symbols were routinely created as improvised solutions. By comparing the theoretical context of the symbology with its real-world application the paper offers a critical appraisal of the versatility of the Soviet approach that may inform current and future global mapping initiatives.

KeywordsCartography
Year2021
JournalThe Cartographic Journal
Journal citation59 (4), pp. 315-338
PublisherTaylor & Francis
ISSN0008-7041
1743-2774
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2021.1958193
Official URLhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00087041.2021.1958193
Publication dates
Online12 Oct 2021
Print02 Oct 2022
Publication process dates
Deposited18 Oct 2021
Accepted16 Jul 2021
Accepted author manuscript
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
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Kent, A. 1998. The value of historical maps: art, accuracy and society. Thesis Oxford Brookes University Cartography
News media mapping: the good, the bad, and the ugly
Vujakovic, P. and Kent, A. 2011. News media mapping: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Design Group Workshop, ‘Mapping 2011 – The power of the image’ The British Cartographic Society, Annual Symposium.
A sense of Plaice? Visitor maps, heritage and place branding in the coastal towns of the Transmanche region
Vujakovic, P. and Kent, A. 2014. A sense of Plaice? Visitor maps, heritage and place branding in the coastal towns of the Transmanche region.
Cultures of cartography: towards a new research agenda
Kent, A., Vujakovic, P. and McLean, K. 2014. Cultures of cartography: towards a new research agenda. ’Capture, Create, and Communicate’, British Cartographic Society, Annual Symposium. Winchester 24 - 26 Jun 2014
A sense of plaice: The cartographic branding of English and French coastal towns in the Transmanche Region
Kent, A. and Vujakovic, P. 2014. A sense of plaice: The cartographic branding of English and French coastal towns in the Transmanche Region.
A foreign affair – map design and international news
Vujakovic, P. and Kent, A. 2011. A foreign affair – map design and international news. Maplines. Summer, pp. 4-5.
Maps for growing minds: designing atlases for children
Kent, A. and Vujakovic, P. 2012. Maps for growing minds: designing atlases for children. Maplines. Winter.
A sense of plaice?
Vujakovic, P. and Kent, A. 2014. A sense of plaice? Maplines. Spring, pp. 14-16.
Turning the tide? Visitor maps and the place branding of coastal towns in Kent and East Sussex
Vujakovic, P., Hills, J. and Kent, A. 2014. Turning the tide? Visitor maps and the place branding of coastal towns in Kent and East Sussex. Bulletin of the Society of Cartographers. 47 (1), pp. 37-42.
From a dry statement of facts to a thing of beauty: understanding aesthetics in the mapping and counter-mapping of place
Kent, A. 2013. From a dry statement of facts to a thing of beauty: understanding aesthetics in the mapping and counter-mapping of place. Cartographic Perspectives. 73, pp. 39-60.
Understanding aesthetics: the cartographers' response
Kent, A. 2013. Understanding aesthetics: the cartographers' response. Bulletin of the Society of Cartographers. 46 (1, 2), pp. 31-43.
Cartographic design and aesthetics “FAQ”
Kent, A., Field, K., Jenny, B. and Hopfstock, A. 2012. Cartographic design and aesthetics “FAQ”. Cartographic Perspectives. 73.
Hot geospatial intelligence from a Cold War: the Soviet military mapping of towns and cities
Kent, A. and Davies, J. 2013. Hot geospatial intelligence from a Cold War: the Soviet military mapping of towns and cities. Cartography and Geographic Information Science. 40 (3), pp. 248-253. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.799734
Maps from the past?
Kent, A. 2012. Maps from the past? Sheetlines: The Journal of the Charles Close Society for the Study of Ordnance Survey Maps. 94, pp. 17-22.
Maps, pixels, and power: improving design and communication in remote sensing
Kent, A. 1999. Maps, pixels, and power: improving design and communication in remote sensing. Masters Thesis University of Cambridge (Queens' College) Geography
New directions in cartography
Kent, A. 2011. New directions in cartography.
Conventions, cartographic
Kent, A. 2015. Conventions, cartographic. in: Monmonier, M. (ed.) Cartography in the Twentieth Century Chicago Chicago University Press.
Ordnance Survey and cartographic style: keeping the good view (part 2)
Kent, A. 2010. Ordnance Survey and cartographic style: keeping the good view (part 2). Sheetlines: The Journal of the Charles Close Society for the Study of Ordnance Survey Maps. 88, pp. 11-16.
Ordnance Survey and cartographic style: keeping the good view (part 1)
Kent, A. 2010. Ordnance Survey and cartographic style: keeping the good view (part 1). Sheetlines: The Journal of the Charles Close Society for the Study of Ordnance Survey Maps. 87, pp. 19-28.
Reproduction, design and aesthetics
Kent, A. 2015. Reproduction, design and aesthetics. in: Monmonier, M. (ed.) Cartography in the Twentieth Century Chicago Chicago University Press.
Cartographic language: towards a new paradigm for understanding stylistic diversity in topographic maps
Kent, A. and Vujakovic, P. 2011. Cartographic language: towards a new paradigm for understanding stylistic diversity in topographic maps. The Cartographic Journal. 48 (1), pp. 21-40. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743277411Y.0000000004
Cognition, behaviour, representation
Griffin, A., Fabrikant, S. and Kent, A. 2012. Cognition, behaviour, representation. The Cartographic Journal. 49 (4).
A hazy mirror? Testing the reflection of society in state topographic maps
Kent, A. 2011. A hazy mirror? Testing the reflection of society in state topographic maps. in: Ruas, A. (ed.) Advances in Cartography and GIScience: Volume 1: Selection from ICC 2011, Paris Berlin Springer. pp. 109-132
An analysis of the cartographic language of European state topographic maps: aesthetics, style, and identity
Kent, A. 2007. An analysis of the cartographic language of European state topographic maps: aesthetics, style, and identity. PhD Thesis University of Kent/Canterbury Christ Church University Geographical and Life Sciences
Engaging new cartographers
Vujakovic, P. and Kent, A. 2010. Engaging new cartographers.
Understanding aesthetics for good cartographic design
Kent, A. 2010. Understanding aesthetics for good cartographic design.
Landscape or blandscape? Exploring cartographic style in European topographic maps of the 20th century
Kent, A. 2010. Landscape or blandscape? Exploring cartographic style in European topographic maps of the 20th century.
Helping Haiti: some reflections on contributing to a global disaster relief effort
Kent, A. 2010. Helping Haiti: some reflections on contributing to a global disaster relief effort. Bulletin of the Society of Cartographers. 44 (1-2), pp. 39-45.
Cartographic blandscapes and the new noise: finding the good view in a topographical mashup
Kent, A. 2008. Cartographic blandscapes and the new noise: finding the good view in a topographical mashup. The Bulletin of the Society of Cartographers. 42 (1-2), pp. 29-37.
Topographic maps: methodological approaches for analyzing cartographic style
Kent, A. 2009. Topographic maps: methodological approaches for analyzing cartographic style. Journal of Map and Geography Libraries. 5 (2), pp. 131-156.
Stylistic diversity in European state 1 : 50 000 topographic maps
Kent, A. and Vujakovic, P. 2009. Stylistic diversity in European state 1 : 50 000 topographic maps. The Cartographic Journal. 46 (3), pp. 179-213. https://doi.org/10.1179/000870409X12488753453453
Aesthetics: a lost cause in cartographic theory?
Kent, A. 2005. Aesthetics: a lost cause in cartographic theory? The Cartographic Journal. 42 (2), pp. 182-188. https://doi.org/10.1179/000870405X61487